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MT 632 - LECTURE > INTRODUCTION TO DISEASE > Flashcards

INTRODUCTION TO DISEASE Flashcards

1
Q

It can be defined as abnormally functioning

organs or organ systems resulting from disturbance of bodily homeostasis

A

disease

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2
Q

Disease can be defined as abnormally functioning
organs or organ systems resulting from morphological changes of internal organs morphological changes in tissues and cells (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

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3
Q

Irritation of organs and their actions, reactions

(physiological) is called ______

A

disease

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4
Q

Disease can be defined as abnormally functioning

organs or organ systems resulting from invasion of the body an external contagion genetic alteration (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

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5
Q

disease can be categorized into two: (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

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6
Q

What are the two classification of disease?

A

acute & chronic

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7
Q

Diseases having rapid onset, sever

symptoms, and short duration is called _________

A

Acute

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8
Q

Diseases having slow progression and long

duration is called _______.

A

chronic

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9
Q

give an example of acute disease

A

pharyngitis, mumps or parotitis

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10
Q

give an example of chronic disease

A

tuberculosis, leprosy

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11
Q

The term disease literally means “_________”

(uneasiness), when something is wrong with bodily function

A

without ease

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12
Q

Disease is underlying ________; biologically defined: the practitioner’s perspective

A

pathology

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13
Q

It is the illness seen in terms of a theory of disorder

A

Disease

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14
Q

It is a state of social dysfunction

A

sickness

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15
Q

It is the social and cultural conceptions of this condition: cultural beliefs and reactions such as fear or rejection; these affect how the patient reacts

A

sickness

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16
Q

It covers what is considered a disorder suitable for medical treatment

A

sickness

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17
Q

It is the presence of a specific disease, and also to the individual’s perceptions and behavior in response to the disease, as well as the impact of that disease on the psychosocial environment

A

Illness

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18
Q

A person’s subjective experience of their symptoms is called ________

A

illness

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19
Q

What the patient brings to the doctor (“ I feel ill.”) -Illness (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

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20
Q

Illness is based on what the individual feels without any evidence or laboratory tests involved (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

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21
Q

It is the cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition

A

Etiology of disease

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22
Q

It is the investigation or attribution of the cause of the reason for something, often expressed in terms of historical or mythical explanation

A

Etiology of disease

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23
Q

It is the risk factors or activities that people participate in that play an important role in a person’s overall health
status

A

predisposing factors

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24
Q

All predisposing factors can collectively influence a

person’s ability to either not recover from the disease or have certain pathological conditions

A

False (All predisposing factors can collectively influence a

person’s ability to either RECOVER from the disease or AVOID certain pathological conditions)

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25
Q

Give the “uncontrolled” predisposing factors of disease

A

age, congenital disorders, genetic disorders, developmental disorder, gender, heerdity

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26
Q

Give the “controlled” predisposing factors of disease

A

lifestyle and environment

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27
Q

Due to the gradual effects of the aging process, age

can be a contributing factor to disease (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

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28
Q

As we get older, our organ systems ___________ effectively and they do not work as well

A

function less

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29
Q

there are ways by which we can slow the

aging process and prevent disease, this includes:

A

regular exercise, healthy eating habits, & regular visits to your doctor

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30
Q

Which is more susceptible to contracting a disease? A 2 yr old child or a 20 yr old teenager?

A

A 2 yr old child because children’s immune systems are still developing.

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31
Q

Which is more susceptible to contracting a disease? An 85 yr old or a 32 yr old?

A

The 85 yr old because the bodily functions of older people are starting to
deteriorate and become inefficient

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32
Q

These are disorders that are present at birth

A

Congenital Disorders

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33
Q

a child with a ___________ called a
cleft lip has a defect on the lip due to the failure of the
upper lip to properly fuse together. A cleft lip occurs
as the child is developing inside the mother’s womb
and it is present when the child is born.

A

congenital disorder

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34
Q

These are diseases caused by inherited genes which are

passed from the parents to the offspring

A

genetic disorders

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35
Q

These are diseases caused by events which occur while the
child is developing in the womb, during birth, or
after the child is born

A

developmental disorders

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36
Q

Cerebral Palsy is caused by damage to the
parts of the brain that control movement and
coordination. The damage to the brain may have
occurred before birth (prenatally), during birth
(perinatally), or after birth (postnatally), and may have
been a result of injury or infection. This is an example of what disorder>

A

Developmental Disorder

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37
Q

Some diseases affect only females or males due to
the differences in anatomy since men and women are
built differently (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

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38
Q

Due to their __________. Women are more prone to develop osteoporosis and men are more prone to develop parkinson’s disease

A

Gender

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39
Q

__________ can be controlled and altered by the individual; therefore, choosing not to participate in the activities mentioned above may have beneficial impacts on a person’s overall health status

A

lifestyle

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40
Q

cigarette smoking, abuse of drugs or
alcohol, lack of exercise, poor diet, risky sexual
behaviors, etc are example of what?

A

lifestyle

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41
Q

researchers have shown that certain
cancers and pulmonary diseases are more common
among people who are exposed to pollution due to the ___________

A

environmental factor

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42
Q

Other environmental stressors that can contribute to poor health include:

A

chronic stress, loud noise, poor and unsanitary living conditions, contaminated food

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43
Q

A person’s __________ is the combination of the

genetic material from both parents

A

heredity

44
Q

The genetic material inherited from one’s parents may
come with links to certain diseases and
pathological conditions
(TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

45
Q

What are the 2 categories of the signals of disease?

A

sign and symptom

46
Q

This can be observed externally (feeling, hearing, or seeing)

A

sign

47
Q

This can be felt internally by the patient only

A

symptom

48
Q

Physical demonstration of a

disease and can be detected or measured is called _______

A

objective signals

49
Q

Swelling, fractures, bleeding, rashes, body temperature, tachycardia are examples of?

A

objective signals

50
Q

this is a kind of report provided by the patient to the doctor, on the basis of which further diagnosis are done

A

subjective signals

51
Q

Objective signals cannot be measured but doctors can ask their patients the degree of pain they are
feeling. (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

FALSE (SUBJECTIVE signals cannot..)

52
Q

Give an example of subjective signals

A

Dizziness, headache, body ache, nausea, muscle fatigue, malaise, fatigue

53
Q

Infectious diseases are caused by ________, which are the causing
agents of the infectious disease

A

pathogens

54
Q

It includes a broad pathological conditions which can have different sources of infection, mode of transmission, and pathological agents
responsible for the disease

A

Infectious Diseases

55
Q

Disease-causing organisms, including bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses, can grow and multiply within the body and can cause damage to local tissues and produce toxic substances that are harmful to the infected individual (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

56
Q

It includes a broad pathological conditions which can have different sources of infection, mode of transmission, and pathological agents
responsible for the disease

A

Infectious Diseases

57
Q

Disease-causing organisms, including bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses, can grow and multiply within the body and can cause damage to local tissues and produce toxic substances that are
harmful to the infected individual (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

58
Q

What are the 2 categories of Infectious Diseases?

A

communicable and non-communicable

59
Q

communicable disease are contagious; while non-communicable diseases are not contagious (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

60
Q

Is COVID-19 communicable or non-communicable?

A

communicable

61
Q

Give an example of non-communicable disease

A

diabetes, food poisoning, allergies

62
Q

Give a classification of non-infectious diseases

A

cancer, immune disorders, genetic disorders, mental disorders, trauma or injury

63
Q

It is a class of disease characterized by uncontrollable cell growth and proliferation. Its function only to grow and to divide

A

cancer

64
Q

Cancer can cause disruption in tissues, organ structure, and functions (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

65
Q

Tumors can ______ passageways, break
through organ and vessel walls, cause hemorrhage, and reduce the body’s
ability to fight infection

A

block

66
Q 
It is a class of diseases that result from the
body’s immune system to effectively protect and defend itself
A

Immune

Disorders

67
Q

The immune system will have to see to it
that it will be able to stage a reaction or a
fight against anything foreign that will
enter the human body (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

68
Q

What are the 3 categories of Immune Disorders?

A

Hypersensitivities (allergies), Immunodeficiency Disorders, Autoimmune Disorders

69
Q

It is an overreaction of the immune system to

an allergen

A

Hypersensitivities (allergies)

70
Q

It is a substance such as pollen or pet dander that can cause the immune system to overreact

A

Allergen

71
Q

The overreaction of _______ can result to the ff.: hives, congestion, and to more severe symptoms that may eventually lead to
death

A

Hypersensitivities (allergies)

72
Q

In _________, the body reacts to substances which are by themselves are considered nonimmunogenic (not
produced by, involved in, or relating to an immune response) or a normal stimulant of the immune system

A

allergies

73
Q

It is characterized by a deficiency in the immune system’s ability to defend the body

A

Immunodeficiency Disorders

74
Q

Various types of immunodeficiencies can affect the different types of the immune system (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

75
Q

Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (AIDS), a disorder caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV causes the immune system to be
deficient leaving the body open to pathological conditions that can result
from different sources or causes. (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

76
Q

It is characterized by the inability of the immune system to distinguish between self and nonself

A

Autoimmune Disorders

77
Q

Since the immune system cannot distinguish between its own cells or
tissues, an attack on normal body cells,
tissues, and organs can result. (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

78
Q

It is a class of diseases characterized as abnormalities caused by changes in the genetic material

A

Genetic Disorders

79
Q

The changes in the genetic material can be inherited, spontaneously occur, or can be a result of exposure to mutagen (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

80
Q

It is an agent capable of causing mutation

A

Mutagen

81
Q 
It is a class of conditions of the mind and include disorders associated with
behavior or psychological well-being
A

mental disorders

82
Q

Mental Disorders are very broad categories of disease with various etiologies, some of which remain as a mystery (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

83
Q

It is important to consider mental disorders with not the same level of urgency as that of physical disorders since these can impair function, cause disability, and pain just like any other illness (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

False (It is important to consider mental disorders WITH THE SAME LEVEL of urgency)

84
Q

it is defined as a wound or shock produced by an injury

A

Trauma

85
Q

With trauma, the wound can cause the body to function properly (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

False (the body to function IMPROPERLY)

86
Q

Trauma can result in a pathological condition of a specific system or the body as a whole (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

87
Q

Trauma or injury has a wide variety of causes, give an example

A

Burns, Physical abuse, Accidents, Drowning, Wounds, Inflicted by foreign objects, Exposure to toxic agents

88
Q

When dealing with trauma, the patient’s condition must be properly assessed and the circumstances that threaten the patient’s life must be managed (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

89
Q

It is determining by examination the nature and circumstances of a diseased condition

A

diagnosis

90
Q

It is predicted patient outcome

A

prognosis

91
Q

Involves a step-by-step
process including: (a) collecting patient history;
(b) performing an examination; (c) utilizing diagnostic screening tools and tests

A

diagnosis

92
Q

Once the information has been obtained and reviewed, a diagnosis, treatment plan, and
prognosis can be determined (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

93
Q

The goal of this treatment is to make the patient more comfortable and
improve quality of life

A

Palliative Treatment

94
Q

It is used at any stage of the disease process

A

Palliative Treatment

95
Q

this may be introduced to treat the side effects of anti-cancer drugs

A

Palliative Treatment

96
Q

During the terminal stage of a disease, palliative
treatment may be the only option available to a
patient (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

True

97
Q

The goal of this treatment is to cure the patient

A

Curative Treatment

98
Q

The goal of this treatment is to restore a patient’s normal body functions

A

Therapeutic Treatment

99
Q

The goal of this treatment is to prevent diseases from happening

A

Preventive Treatment

100
Q

This may involve a long term care plan designed to restore normal bodily functions

A

Therapeutic Treatment

101
Q 
a consistent therapy plan which may be designed to restore function to an injured limb; occupational therapy may also be designed to help
develop, recover, or maintain the skills necessary for
daily living (TRUE OR FALSE)
A

True

102
Q

A person recovering from an illness may need
__________ therapy to help him or her to live
more independently

A

occupational

103
Q

Both _____________________ treatment plans help patients restore body functions, reduce the risk of reoccuring injuries, and allow more
self-sufficiency

A

physical and occupational

104
Q

This is an increasingly significant approach in

healthcare today

A

Preventive Treatment

105
Q

Some insurance agencies have included
incentives for healthcare maintenance and this
cuts down on healthcare overall and allows
individuals to live longer and healthier lives

A

Preventive Treatment

106
Q

Vaccinations is an example of what treatment plan?

A

Preventive Treatment

MT 632 - LECTURE (8 decks)

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