Introduction To Community And Public Health Flashcards
Lifestyle diseases. Poor Dietary intake, lack of physical activity, drug abuse, alcohol abuse.
Chronic diseases
What is primary secondary and tertiary healthcare in broken leg accident
Primary – first aid
Secondary – emergency room
Tertiary – surgery
At least 2,500 people but fewer than 50,000 people
Urban Clusters
Biological factors
Age distribution, gender distribution, and genetic makeup distribution
Understaffed and under
funded
Strengthens local and state health
departments
Group of individuals who share common interests and characteristics
Community
The art and science of health promotion, disease prevention, disability limitation, and
rehabilitation
Preventive Medicine
A field of medicine that works to understand how social and economic factors affect health and illness so that societal conditions
can be created that foster good health
Social Medicine
Shortcomings
- Health is dynamic and constantly changing
- Insufficient dimensions: political, economical, and spiritual
- Health is subjective
- Idealistic rather than realistic
- Health is not an individual level but community level
- Health is an end product rather than a means or way
Overt actions that have a specific
frequency, interest, and duration
Behavioral factors
Multiple nations
International Health
General or as a whole
Community
Activities/services provided by
healthcare professionals acting as first point of contact/consultation for all patients within healthcare system
Primary healthcare
Organized responsibilities of community health
Public health, school health, transportation, safety, and other tax supported functions
A branch of medicine that deals with populations as opposed to individuals and that provides
health care at the community level.
Community Medicine
All nations
Global Health
What is dedicated money and grant money
dedicated money – fund
grant money - charity
Consists of organizations, policy, and environmental efforts to improve good health
Health promotion
What fertility rate is higher
Rural
Advertising, raising awareness, entails health education and creating an environment that is
conducive to good health. Goal is
voluntary behavior change.
Promotion
Future of Public Health
Institute of Medicine (1988)
Individuals in a community are bound to each other by
Social, Religious, Ethnic, Occupational, or other characteristics that they have in common
The health status of people who may or may not identify themselves as a community
and the efforts and conditions directed toward that group by means that may or may not be organized
Population Health
Social factors
Economic conditions, Occupational distribution, and Political milieu
Stigma
Strengthens mental health programs and services
Specific sector in a community
Population
Created definition and functions of public health
Charles-Edward Amory Winslow
6 Shortcomings in the definition of WHO
PESPMS – Physical, Economical, Social, Political, Mental, Spiritual
Ways and extents of organization with the community
Organizational factors
Meaning of hal
Hale, sound, whole
Preventing and controlling illness and maintaining the maximum functioning of the community. Example is COVID-19 vaccine
Maintenance
- Quality of air
- Quality of environmental sanitation
- Quality of water supply
- Quality of food
- Protection against radiation
- Protection against noise pollution
Environmental factors
Cultural factors
- Beliefs attributed to a particular social
ethnic or age group - Religion
- Racial and ethnic people
Fewer patients. More
specialized form. Cancer management and neurosurgeries
Tertiary healthcare
Communicable disease
Infectious diseases
Health status of the community
Community health
Government ran and funded by tax dollars
Public health
All activities that can reduce harmful effects of environmental hazards. Functions are water purification, air quality,
environment sanitation, food hygiene, and drug safety
Protection
All territory, population, and
housing units located outside
Rural
Areas densely settled
territory with 50,000 or more people
Urban Areas
Certificate in public health is awarded for all the graduates on council in education of public health.
Adequate training of community and public health professionals
Provided by medical specialists associated by hospital-based care
Secondary healthcare
