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Community and Public Health > Disease Prevention and Control > Flashcards

Disease Prevention and Control Flashcards

1
Q

Living organisms or inanimate matter in which an infectious agent normally loves and multiplies on which the agent depends primarily for survival and reproduces itself in such manner that it can be transmitted to a susceptible host

A

Reservoir

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2
Q

Refers to the proportion of infected individuals who developed clinical apparent disease

A

Pathogenicity

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3
Q

Includes newly diagnosed people and people who were diagnosed in the post

A

Prevalence

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4
Q

Human capable of developing disease/an organism, usually human or animal, that harbors the disease

A

Host

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5
Q
  • A cause is termed sufficient when it
    inevitably produce initiates a disease
  • A condition or set of conditions that will
    produce the event
A

Sufficient Cause

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6
Q

The process begins with the appropriate exposure or accumulation of factors sufficient for the disease process to begin in a susceptible hos

A

Stage of susceptibility

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7
Q

Incubation periods, life expectancy of the host or pathogen, duration of the course of illness or condition

A

Time

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8
Q

Any conditions which are necessary for the
completion of a sufficient case

A

Component Cause

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9
Q

Any harmful deviation from normal structural or functional state of organism, generally associated with certain signs and symptoms and differing in nature from physical injury

A

Disease/health problems

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10
Q

Preventable Causes of Disease

A
  • Biological factors and behavioral factors
  • Environmental factors
  • Immunologic factors
  • Nutritional factors
  • Genetic factors
  • Services, social factors, and spiritual
    factors
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11
Q

Secondary

A

Arrest the progress (reduce the prevalence)

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12
Q

Model of transmission of infectious disease that links the factors of agent, host, and environment that are responsible for this transmission

A

Epidemiological triad

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13
Q

Age distribution, Gender distribution, and Make-up
distribution

A

Biology and genetics

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14
Q

Even if the environment is not okay, as long as you are responsible yourself, you are good

A

Individual behavior

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15
Q

Primary

A

Prevent the occurrence (reduce the incidence)

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16
Q

When the cases of disease no longer exist but one or more factors emits occurrence still persists

A

Elimination

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17
Q
  • The disease process ends either in
    recovery, disability, or death
A

Stage of recovery, disability, or death

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18
Q

Normal bacteria becomes opportunistic bacterial. Usage of antibiotic to prevent

A

Immunocompromised

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19
Q

Interrupting or slowing the progress of disorder or reducing the disability

A

Disease Prevention and Control

20
Q

Reducing the likelihood that a disease or disorder will affect an individual

A

Disease Prevention and Control according to WHO

21
Q

Policies at the local state and federal level affect population and health

A

Policy making

22
Q

Natural history of disease in order

A

Stage of susceptibility
Stage of subclinical disease
Stage of clinical disease
Stage of Recovery, Disability, or Death

23
Q

Affects functional state of an individual. A state of well being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities

A

Mental health

24
Q

Tertiary

A

Prevent complications (reduce the CFR)

25
Q

Infectious agent

A

Communicable disease

26
Q
  • Extending the time of exposure
A

Stage of subclinical disease

27
Q

air, water, food, utensils

A

Vehicles (inanimate)

28
Q

Reduce the magnitude of
disease/extent of disease

A
  1. Preventive behavior - Vaccination, vitamins, and lifestyle
  2. Medication – Consultation and
    medication
  3. Rehabilitation – PT and OT
29
Q

Biological organisms capable of
causing disease/ the cause of disease

A

Agent

30
Q

The favorable surroundings and conditions external to the human or animal that cause or allow the disease or allow disease transmission. Serves as reservoir and serves as intermediary agent of transmission

A

Environment

31
Q

The access to health services and the quality of health services can impact health

A

Health services

32
Q

Primordial

A

Laws & Policies

33
Q

Refers to the proportion of clinical apparent cases of severe or fatal

A

Virulence

34
Q

The range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status

A

Health determinants

35
Q

Refers to the number of new cases

A

Incidents

36
Q
  • The onset of symptoms
  • Most diagnoses are made in this stage
  • Spectrum of disease
A

Stage of clinical disease

37
Q
  • If a disease cannot develop in its
    absence. If A is absent, B cannot occur
  • A condition that must be prevent for an
    event to occur
A

Necessary Cause

38
Q

No more causative agent

A

Eradication

39
Q

Represents all sufficient causes of a particular disease. An individual factors that contributes to cause disease is shown as a piece of a pie. After all the pieces of the pie fall into place, the pie is complete – and disease occurs.

A

Causal pie

40
Q

Reflect the social factors and physical conditions of environment in which people are born, live, learn, play, work, and age. Social factors affect you as an individual

A

Social factors (social determinants)

41
Q

Associated with signs or symptoms. Emotional response to a terrible event like accident, rape, or natural disaster

A

Trauma/Injury

42
Q

insects, arthropods and animals

A

Vectors (animate)

43
Q

Lifestyle diseases

A

Non-communicable disease

44
Q

Cases of the disease and the
agent of the disease have been eliminated

A

Eradication

45
Q

Strategies for Prevention

A

Risk assessment and intervention

Community and Public Health (5 decks)

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