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Clinical Psychology > Introduction to clinical health psychology > Flashcards

Introduction to clinical health psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

How is clinical health psychology defined?

A

It is an evidence-based specialty focused on addressing psychological, social, cultural, and biological factors to improve healthcare outcomes and provide psychologically informed care pathways.

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2
Q

What are the key applications of clinical health psychology?

A
  • Address health-related behaviours and psychosocial dimensions.
  • Apply knowledge in medical contexts.
  • Provide psychologically informed environments and trauma-informed care.
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3
Q

What are the three components of the biopsychosocial model?

A
  1. Biological: Physical health issues.
  2. Psychological: Emotional and mental health factors.
  3. Social: Social integration and relationships.
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4
Q

How do these components interact?

A

A physical issue (e.g., visible scar) may cause psychological distress (self-consciousness), which then affects social integration (avoiding social situations).

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5
Q

Where is clinical health psychology usually offered?

A
  • Private settings and primary care.
  • Specialized services based on age or condition.
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6
Q

What is the focus of delivery in clinical health psychology?

A
  • Illness and symptoms.
  • Treatment and recovery.
  • Quality of life.
  • Support for family, carers, and healthcare staff.
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7
Q

What are the two main forms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?

A
  1. Relapsing MS: Periods of stability between relapses, with symptoms easing or disappearing.
  2. Progressive MS: Symptoms worsen over time without relapses.
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8
Q

Who might clinical health psychologists interact with?

A
  • Clients with health anxiety or unexplained physical symptoms.
  • Clients with diagnosed health problems.
  • Care staff and healthcare systems.
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9
Q

What are illness perceptions, and who defined them?

A
  • Patients’ implicit beliefs about their illness, providing a framework for coping and understanding.
  • Defined by Leventhal et al. (1980).
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10
Q

What are the three stages of the self-regulatory model of illness behavior?

A
  1. Interpretation of the illness.
  2. Coping with the illness.
  3. Appraisal of coping effectiveness.
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11
Q

What are the three approaches to coping with illness?

A
  1. Coping with the crisis of illness.
  2. Adjustment to physical illness.
  3. Benefit finding (post-traumatic growth).
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12
Q

What interventions are used for dementia?

A
  • CFT (Compassion-Focused Therapy): Adjustment and stress management.
  • CBT: Managing distress and anxiety.
  • CST (Cognitive Stimulation Therapy): Maintaining cognitive function and quality of life.
  • Life Story Work: Supporting memory and identity.
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13
Q

What interventions are used for cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

A
  • Cardiac rehabilitation.
  • Self-management support.
  • CBT for behavior change.
  • Psychologist involvement as part of the cardiac rehab team.
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14
Q

What interventions are used for cancer?

A
  • HOPE program (Help Overcome Problems Effectively).
  • ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) for improving health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
  • Psychosocial interventions to enhance meaning and reduce distress.
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15
Q

Why is smoking a significant health mediator?

A
  • Leading cause of preventable ill health and death in England.
  • Increases risks of cancer, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases.
  • More prevalent in socially disadvantaged groups.
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16
Q

What are the benefits of physical activity as a mediator?

A
  • Prevents obesity and noncommunicable diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease, diabetes).
  • Improves mental health and supports social inclusion.
  • Prevents falls and fractures in older adults.
17
Q

How does alcohol consumption impact health?

A
  • Causes liver disease, heart disease, cancer, and mental health issues.
  • Associated with social problems like violence and child neglect.
18
Q

What are key considerations in healthcare settings for clinical health psychologists?

A
  • Preserve clients’ dignity, privacy, and confidentiality.
  • Establish a rationale for psychological intervention.
  • Normalize referrals and explore acceptable links between health and psychological factors.

Clinical Psychology (8 decks)

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