Introduction to Cells

Question 1

two similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 1

• both contain organelles

* cell-surface membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer

Question 2

differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 2

• prokaryotes make up single celled organisms - eukaryotes make up complex organisms
• eukaryotes are larger and more complex
• cells arise in other cells by binary fission in prokaryotes and mitosis/meiosis in eukaryotes

Question 3

size of a eukaryote

Answer 3

10-100 micrometers

Question 4

size of a prokaryote

Answer 4

0.1-5.0 micrometers

Question 5

4 types of eukaryotic cells

Answer 5

• animal
• plant
• algal
• fungal

Question 6

what do plant cells have that animal cells DONT

Answer 6

• vacuole (repository of cell sap)
• chloroplast (photosynthesis site)
• cell wall (made of cellulose and contains plasmodesmata)

Question 7

fungal cells are similar to plant cells apart from:

Answer 7

• no chloroplasts

* cell walls are made from chitin

Question 8

what is the scale of cell organisation

Answer 8

tissues (muscle tissue)
organs (animal heart)
organ systems (reproductive system)