Introduction To Business Flashcards

1
Q

What is enterprise?

A

Another word for business.

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2
Q

What is an Entrepreneur?

A

Name given to a person starting a business.

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3
Q

What are the 4 factors of a business?

A
  • Accounting and Finance
  • Marketing
  • Operations
  • Human Resources
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4
Q

What is involved in Accounting and Finance?

A
  • Keeps detailed records of all products made and sold, cost of goods sold and tax due
  • responsible for ensuring costs under control.
  • sufficient funds to pay day to day basis
  • set budget to control business
  • operate business payroll
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5
Q

What is involved in marketing?

A
  • meeting the needs of the consumers: market research
  • inform customers in manner that creates the desire to buy
  • customer service
  • TV ads
  • lack of product knowledge can lead to customers losing interest and gain poor publicity.
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6
Q

What is involved in operations

A

-Design and control process of production
- maintenance on equipment, stock control, quality control and manage tech changes
- production and operations management

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7
Q

What is involved in Human Resources?

A
  • responsible for the well being of employees (recruitment, training etc)
  • time and money to department depending on the size of the business
  • motivate workforce & ensure business complies with the employment legislation
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8
Q

What are the 4 factors of production?

A
  1. Land- natural resources
  2. Labour- effort humans contribute
  3. Capital- machinery, tools and buildings
  4. Entrepreneurship- combine land, labour and capital in new ways
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9
Q

What is a stakeholder?

A

An individual or a group of people who share an interest in the business

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10
Q

What is a constraint on a business?

A

It is a restraining factor that limits how a business operates

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11
Q

What are the 4 business sectors?

A
  1. Primary Sector
  2. Secondary Sector
  3. Tertiary Sector
  4. Quaternary Sector
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12
Q

What are the 2 sectors that businesses can be categorised into?

A

Private and Public

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13
Q

What is a private sector?

A

It is set up by individuals and is profit oriented

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14
Q

What is a public sector?

A

It is run by the local or central government and it provides a service.
It doesn’t aim to make a profit, however it still has to be cost effective.

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15
Q

What is a third sector organisation (TSO)?

A

They can be charities, community groups and social enterprises and they are there to achieve social goals

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16
Q

What is a sole trader?

A

They own the business and make all the decisions affecting it. They could employ a number of people but they are still in overall control.

17
Q

What is the advantage of being a sole trader?

A
  • full control
  • simplicity: fewer legal formalities and is straightforward
  • tax benefits: profits taxed at personal income
  • privacy: fewer reporting requirements maintaining greater privacy about their finances
  • direct relationship with customers: lead to better customer service and loyalty.
18
Q

What are the disadvantages to being a sole trader?

A
  • unlimited liability: personally responsible for all business debt, putting personal assets at risk
  • limited capital: raising funds can be more challenging as options typically limited to personal savings and loans
  • workload: burn out and lead to poor performance
  • limited expertise: lack the diverse skill set needed to manage all aspects of the business effectively
  • difficulty in expansion: growing bis can be hard due to resource constraints and limited access to capital
19
Q

What is a partnership?

A

2 or more people that run the business together

20
Q

What are the advantages to a partnership?

A
  • easy to establish
  • more partners mean more capital
  • shared work for different skill sets
21
Q

What are the disadvantages to a partnership?

A
  • slower decision making
  • losses and profits are shared
  • legal restrictions on the maximum number of partners
    Business lacks capital for expansion
22
Q

What is a franchise?

A

The right given by one business to another to sell goods using its name

23
Q

What are the advantages to a franchise?

A
  • establish brand
  • training and support
  • reduced risk
  • collective buying power
  • market support
24
Q

What are the disadvantages to a franchise?

A
  • lack of control
  • variable performance
  • reputation can be at risk
  • renewal and exit challenges, exiting a franchise is complex
25
What is a co-operative?
A business owned and run by its members
26
What are the advantages to a co-operative?
- members are in control - community focus - lower costs - shared benefits (dividends)
27
What are the disadvantages to a co-operative?
- slower decision making - member commitment - market competition - complex structure, not clear of communication and management
28
What is a shareholder?
Part owners of a private or public limited company
29
How do you measure business size?
1. Turnover and profit 2. Market shares 3. Number of employees 4. Number of shops or factories 5. Capital employed
30
What are the factors affecting the size of the business?
1. Size of market 2. Nature of product 3. Personal preference 4. Ability to access resources for expansion
31
What is a takeover?
One company buys control over the other
32
What is a merger?
Two companies agree to join together and create a new company
33
What is involved in a merger?
- boost new company brand. Allow strengths to be brought to new company - new business take large slice of market - ensure economies of scale achieved
34
What is a horizontal merger?
Company in direct competition and share the same product line and market
35
What is a vertical merger?
Companies are in different stages of productions and they may merger with its suppliers
36
What is a congeneric takeover?
Companies serve the same consumers but in different ways
37
What is a market extension merger?
Companies sell same product but in different markets
38
What is a product extension merger?
Companies sell different but related products in the same market
39
What is a conglomerate merger?
Companies that have no common business area