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Health Science > Introduction To Body Structures > Flashcards

Introduction To Body Structures Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which cavity contains the organs of the reproductive and excretory system?

A

Pelvic Cavity

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2
Q

Which cavity contains the heart AND lungs?

A

Thoracic

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3
Q

Which cavity contains the HEART?

A

Pericardial Cavity

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4
Q

Which cavities contain the LUNGS?

A

Pleural Cavities

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5
Q

Where are the kidneys located?

A

Behind the abdominal cavity in the retroparitineal area

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6
Q

Which plane divides the body into EQUAL right and left halves?

A

Midsaggital Plane

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7
Q

____ means skull or head end of the body.

A

Cranial

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8
Q

____ means tail end of the body.

A

Caudal

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9
Q

If something is farthest from a point of attachment it’s referred to as:

A

Distal

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10
Q

If something is nearest to a point of attachment it’s referred to as:

A

Proximal

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11
Q

The nervous system is located in the:

A

Dorsal Cavity

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12
Q

___ means toward the side/away from the midline.

A

Lateral

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13
Q

____ means away from the side/toward the midline.

A

Medial

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14
Q

The ___ plane divides the body into right and left halves.

A

saggital

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15
Q

The study of all organisms (unicellular, multicellular, plants, humans, animals, etc) is referred to as:

A

Biology

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16
Q

Which plane divides the body in to front and back halves?

A

Coronal/Frontal Plane

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17
Q

What is the term for something being close to the surface of the body? For example, a scratch.

A

Superifical

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18
Q

Rearrange the following from most simple to most complex: organ systems, cells, tissues, human body, organs

A

cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, human body

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19
Q

_____ refers to the building up of complex materials from simple ones, such as food or oxygen molecules.

A

Anabolism

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20
Q

____ refers to the breaking down of complex substances into simple ones.

A

Catabolism

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21
Q

____ refers to the functional activities of cells that result in growth, repair, energy release, use of food, and secretions. It consists of the building up and breaking down of materials.

A

Metabolism

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22
Q

What unit is used to measure weight in the metric system?

A

Grams

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23
Q

What unit is used to measure volume in the metric system?

A

Liters

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24
Q

What unit is used to measure length in the metric system?

A

Meters

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25
Q

The prefix milli- means ___.
How many milliliters are in a liter?

A

1/1000; 1000 milliliters

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26
Q

The prefix Centi- means:
How many centimeters are in a meter?

A

1/100; 100 centimeters

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27
Q

The prefix Kilo- means:
How many grams are in a Kilogram?

A

1000/1; 1000 grams

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28
Q

Name the 3 cavities located in the skull.

A

Oral/Buccal, Nasal, and Orbital

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29
Q

1 centimeter is equal to ___ inches.

A

0.4

30
Q

1 inch is equal to ___ centimeters.

A

2.5

31
Q

1 gram is equal to __ ounce.

A

1

32
Q

1 Kilogram is equal to ___ pounds.

A

2.2

33
Q

1 teaspoon is equal to __ milliliters.

A

5

34
Q

1 tablespoon is equal to ___ milliliters.

A

15

35
Q

1 ounce is equal to ___ milliliters.

A

30

36
Q

A ___, or cross, section is a horizontal cut that divides the body into upper and lower halves.

A

Transverse

37
Q

The dorsal cavity contains the ___ and ___ cavities.

A

Cranial; Spinal

38
Q

What divides the ventral cavity into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

A

The diaphragm

39
Q

The naval is located in what abdominopelvic region?

A

Umbilical region

40
Q

The pubic area is also referred to as:

A

The hypogastric region

41
Q

The inguinal region is sometimes referred to as the:

A

Illiac area/region

42
Q

The ability of the body to regulate it’s internal environment within narrow limits is referred to as:

A

Homeostasis

43
Q

The metric system is based on a power of:

A

10

44
Q

The future could see advancements in diagnosis and treatment of illness due to _____ and ____.

A

Biotechnology; Nanotechnology

45
Q

Pain in the back is often associated with which abdominopelvic region?

A

Lumbar Region

46
Q

Heartburn is often associated with which abdominopelvic region?

A

Epigastric Region

47
Q

Pain right below the ribs is often associated with which abdominopelvic region?

A

Hypochondriac Region

48
Q

Stomach cramps are often associated with which abdominopelvic region?

A

Umbilical Region

49
Q

_____ Anatomy is the study of the growth and development of an organism through it’s lifetime.

A

Developmental

50
Q

____ Anatomy is the study of large and easily observable structures in the body.

A

Gross

51
Q

_____ Anatomy is the study of the structure and function of organs or parts that comprise a certain organ system. It includes dermatology, endocrinology, and neurology.

A

Systemic

52
Q

______ is the study of the integumentary system (skin, hair, nails).

A

Dermatology

53
Q

_____ is the study of the endocrine/hormonal system.

A

Endocrinology

54
Q

____ is the study of the nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord.

A

Neurology

55
Q

____ Anatomy is the study of the similarities and differences between organisms.

A

Comparative

56
Q

____ Anatomy is the study of the minute (small) details of organ parts. The parts this branch studies are always viewed using a microscope. It includes histology and cytology.

A

Microscopic

57
Q

____ is the study of the structure, function, and development of cells that comprise the different body parts.

A

Cytology

58
Q

_____ is the study of the tissues and organs that make up the entire body of an organism.

A

Histology

59
Q

Movement is the ability of the whole organism, or a part of it, to move. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Muscle

60
Q

Ingestion is the process by which an organism takes in food. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Digestive

61
Q

Digestion is breakdown of complex food molecules into simpler food molecules. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Digestive

62
Q

Transport is the movement of necessary substances to cells and cellular products/wastes away from cells. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Circulatory

63
Q

Respiration is the burning or oxidation of food molecules in a cell to release energy, water, and carbon dioxide. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Respiratory

64
Q

Synthesis is the combination of simple molecules into more complex molecules to help an organism build new tissue. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Digestive

65
Q

Assimilation is the transformation of digested food molecules into living tissue for growth and self-repair. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Digestive

66
Q

Growth is the enlargement of an organism due to synthesis and assimilation, resulting in an increase in the number and size of its cells. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Skeletal

67
Q

Secretion is the formation and release of hormones from a cell/structure. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Endocrine

68
Q

Excretion is the removal of metabolic waste products from an organism. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Urinary

69
Q

Regulation/Sensitivity is the ability of an organism to respond to its environment so as to maintain a balance. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Nervous

70
Q

Reproduction is the ability of an organism to produce offspring with similar characteristics. It is controlled by the ___ system.

A

Reproductive

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