Introduction to BEC Flashcards
1
Q
What are the aims of emergency care?
A
- Preserve life
- Prevent situation worsening
- Promote recovery
- Phone for help
2
Q
What numbers can you call for help?
A
999 or 2222 for Ninewells Hospital
3
Q
What is the initial approach upon seeing a sick/collapsed patient?
A
- Check for dangers
- Check response of patient (gently shake shoulders and ask “are you all right? Can you hear me?”)
- Shout for help
If no response
- Open airway (head tilt chin lift, jaw thrust if neck injury)
- Assess breathing and circulation (beware of agonal breathing)
- Call 999 or 2222
- 30 chest compressions
- 2 rescue breaths
4
Q
What is the ABCDE approach?
A
- Airway assessment (c-spine protection)
- Breathing assessment (oxygenation)
- Circulation assessment (haemorrhage control)
- Disability of the central nervous system (level of consciousness, pain stimulus tested using supra-orbital pressure or trapezius squeeze)
- Exposure of whole body to look for other injuries, etc
5
Q
What is AMPLE history?
A
- Allergies
- Medication and tetanus immunity
- Previous medical history
- Last meal
- Events leading to the injury
6
Q
How do you assess a patient’s level of consciousness?
A
AVPU
A - awake
V - patient response to verbal stimulation
P - patient responds to painful stimulation i.e. trapezius squeeze
U - patient is completely unresponsive
7
Q
What does agonal breathing indicate?
A
Cardiac arrest
8
Q
What should be done when patient has a pulse but is not breathing?
A
- Rescue breaths - 10 every minute
9
Q
Explain the process of delivering rescue breaths?
A
- Head tilt/chin lift
- Pinch the nose
- Place lips over mouth
- Blow until the chest rises and take around 1 second to allow chest to fall
- Repeat
10
Q
What is the recommended tidal volume for rescue breaths?
A
500 - 600ml
11
Q
What is the recommended respiratory rate for rescue breaths?
A
- Each breath over about 1 second with enough volume to make the victim’s chest rise
