Introduction to anesthesia Flashcards
What does anesthesia mean?
loss of feeling or sensation
What are the two types of anesthesia?
Local and general
What does local anesthesia mean?
acts where applied; no effect on brain
What does general anesthesia mean?
complete unconsciousness
What does analgesia mean?
relief from pain
What do pre-anesthetics mean?
any drug given within 1 hour prior to induction
What does induction mean?
administration of fast-acting drugs (usually IV) t cause loss of consciousness
What does maintenance mean?
administration of drugs to keep patient under anesthesia
What does surgical anesthesia mean?
depth of anesthesia under which surgical procedures can be safely and effectively performed (adequate muscle relaxation) without pain to the patient. A specific plane of anesthesia
What does tranquilization/sedation mean?
a state of calmness associated with some CNS depression. Stimulation will arouse the patient. Often used as pre-anesthetics.
What are six reasons to use anesthesia?
Restraint, Examination, Manipulation, General Surgery, Seizure Control, Euthanasia
What are some goals of anesthesia?
To relax skeletal muscle, reduce protective reflexes (laryngeal), induce unarousable sleep, produce amnesia, provide analgesia
What are some signs of pain?
Increased heart rate, increased respiratory rate, gross movement, vocalization, abdominal pressing
What are the two techniques for producing general anesthesia?
Progressive CNS depression (barbiturates, propofol, gas anesthetics) and dissociating CNS
What does balanced anesthesia mean?
Combine general anesthetic with other drugs to minimize negative effects caused by general anesthetic. Lowers the amount of general anesthetic needed. Most common technique
