Introduction to anatomy & physiology: The body systems Flashcards
List the 11 organ systems of the human body
Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and the reproductive system.
List the structures of the integumentary system
Hair, skin, sweat glands and nails.
Describe the functions of the integumentary system
Protect against environmental hazards (1), regulation of body temperature (2) and provide sensory information (3).
List the structures of the skeletal system
Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and bone marrow.
Describe the functions of the skeletal system
Support and protection of other tissues (1), stores calcium and other minerals (2), and formation of blood cells (3).
List the structures of the muscular system
Skeletal muscles, and tendons.
Describe the functions of the muscular system
Movement (1), protection and support of other tissues (2), and generates heat (3).
List the structures of the nervous system
Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and sense organs.
Describe the functions of the nervous system
Directs immediate response to stimuli (1), coordinates activities of other organ systems (2), and provides and interprets sensory information about external conditions (3).
List the structures of the endocrine system
Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, testes and ovaries.
Describe the functions of the endocrine system
Directs long term changes in activities of other organ systems (1), adjusts metabolic activity and energy use (2), and controls structural and functional changes during development (3).
List the structures of the cardiovascular system
Heart, blood and blood vessels.
Describe the functions of the cardiovascular system
Distributes blood cells, water, nutrients, waste products, oxygen and carbon dioxide (1) and distributes heat (2) and assists in control of body temperature (3).
List the structures of the lymphatic system
Thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, and lymphatic vessels.
Describe the function of the lymphatic system
Defends against infection and disease (1) and returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream (2).
List the structures of the respiratory system
Nasal passage and cavities, trachea, lungs, sinuses, larynx, bronchi, and alveoli.
Describe the functions of the respiratory system
Delivers air to the alveoli (1), provides oxygen to the bloodstream (2), removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream (3), and produces sound (4).
List the structures of the digestive system
Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, large and small intestine.
Describe the function of the digestive system
Produces and digests food (1), absorbs and conserves water (2), absorbs nutrients (3), and stores energy reserves (4).
List the structures of the urinary system
Kidneys, the urinary bladder, ureters, and urethra.
Describe the functions of the urinary system
Excretes waste products from the blood (1), controls water balance by regulating volume of urine produced (2), stories urine prior to elimination (3), and regulates blood ion concentration and pH (4).
List the structures of the male reproductive system
Epididymis, reproductive tracts and testes (gonad).
List the structures of the female reproductive system
Mammary glands, ovaries (gonad), reproductive tracts and the uterus.
Describe the function of the male reproductive system
To produce sex cells such as sperm (1), produce hormones (2).
