introduction to ana chem Flashcards
It is the branch
of chemistry
that deals with
the analysis of
different
substances.
analytical chemistry
Four basic
questions that
analytical
chemistry helps
to answer about
matter
what
how much
where
what structure or form
methods of analysis
classical and instrumental
Nitric acid is applied to a
sample of metal; if the metal dissolves, it indicates the absence of gold, while if it is unreactive, it indicates the presence of gold
acid test for gold
It employs phenolphthalein as an indicator to check for the presence of hemoglobin in the given analyte (from colorless to pink)
kastle-meyer test
metal ions are heated in a flame to observe characteristic-colored flames emitted
flame test
the mass of a precipitate
formed by a chemical reaction is measured to determine the concentration or amount of a specific analyte in a sample
gravimetric analysis
the volume of a titrant solution required to react completely with the analyte in a sample is measured to determine its concentration
volumetric analysis
The interaction of
electromagnetic radiation with a sample is used to identify and quantify substances based on their characteristic absorption or emission spectra
spectroscopy
the flow of electricity through a cell containing a solution of interest is used to analyze and quantify substances through redox reactions occurring at electrodes
electrochemistry
It is used to measure the heat of a chemical reaction
calorimetry
separates compounds in a mixture based on their
interactions with a stationary phase and a mobile phase
chromatography
ions are separated based on their mass-to charge ratio, allowing for identification of compounds and determination of molecular structures
mass spectrometry
flame test
qualitative
paper chromatography
qualitative
mass spectroscopy
quantitative
acid test for gold
qualitative
titration
qualitative
electrochemistry
quantity
gas chromatography
quantitative
kastle-meyer
qualitative
calorimetry
quantitative
UV VIS spectroscopy
quantitative
determines nutritional content, detect contaminants, and ensure quality
food testing
used for blood tests, drug testing, and developing new medications
medicine
helps detect pollutants in air, soil, and water
environment
identifies substances involved in criminal investigations
forensic analysis
employed to study
biomolecules and their
interactions, facilitating advancements in medical diagnostics and drug development
bioanalytical chemistry
applied for quality control, ensuring the integrity, purity, and safety of products
industry
How close are the
measurements to the
true value
accuracy
How reproducible are
measurements?
precision
refer to discrepancies
between the measured value and the true value of a quantity being measured
error
worst error
systematic error
Analytical chemistry began in the ___________
with the work of French chemist ________ and others; the disciple was further developed
in the 19th century by ___________ and _________
late eighteenth century;
Antoine-Laurent
Lavoisier;
Carl Fresenius and Karl
Friedrich Mohr.
in year _______, As a pharmacist’s apprentice in _____________,
Fresenius developed an __________________ that, when it was later published,
served as the ____________
1848;
Frankfurt, Germany;
EXTENSIVE QUALITATIVE
ANALYSIS scheme;
first textbook of analytical chemistry
in year ______, The _______ was __________ by _____________ who discovered _________.
1890;
first instrumental analysis;
FLAME EMISSIVE
SPECTROMETRY;
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff;
rubidium and caesium
During this period ______, ____________ becomes
progressively _____ in the field. In particular, many of the _____________were discovered in the early 20th century
1900;
instrument analysis;
dominant;
BASIC SPECTROSCOPIC AND SPECTROMETRIC
TECHNIQUES;
in year _____, Many of these techniques began to be used together as
____________ to achieve complete characterization of samples.
1970;
hybrid techniques
in __________ period, Also saw an ____ of the application of analytical chemistry from somewhat _____ chemical questions to forensic environmental, industrial and medical questions, such as histology
late 20th century;
EXPANSION ;
academic
