Introduction to Advanced Wheelchair Skills

Question 1

Sitting Posture
for:

Answer 1

Comfort and Function

*pelvic position
*shoulder and elbow alignment

Question 2

Importance of Pelvic Positioning:

Answer 2

neutral pelvic position provides a stable base for the trunk, allowing for better posture and balance

proper pelvic alignment helps distribute weight evenly, reducing the risk of pressure sores

Question 3

Importance of Shoulder and Elbow Alignment:

Answer 3

Reduced Strain: Proper alignment minimizes strain on the shoulder joints and upper extremities, reducing the risk of overuse injuries

Enhanced Control: Correct positioning allows for better control during propulsion and maneuvering, leading to improved mobility

Functional Reach: Optimal shoulder and elbow positioning improves the ability to reach, transfer, and interact with the environment.

Question 4

optimal posture - what is the pelvis doing?

Answer 4

pelvis in midline

ASIS & PSIS at equal height: no pelvic tilt

L ASIS & R ASIS at equal height: no obliquity

L ASIS & R ASIS at equal depth: no rotation

Question 5

optimal posture - what is the spine doing?

Answer 5

balanced and upright, no rotation, no lateral curvature

normal lordosis in cervical and lumbar spine and normal kyphosis in thoracic spine creating the desired ‘S” shape

Question 6

optimal posture - what is the head doing?

Answer 6

head is functionally upright with only mild forward/lateral flexion or rotation

Question 7

optimal posture - goals

Answer 7

maintain proper alignment with a standard cushion and back support

Question 8

set up and positioning:

Answer 8

elbow angle

10 o’clock
2 o’clock

Question 9

10 o’clock Position

Answer 9

elbows are bent at approximately 90 degrees, and the forearms extend forward, resembling the hands of a clock pointing toward the 10

position is ideal for initial propulsion when the user is preparing to push the wheelchair forward

Reduces strain on the shoulder and elbow joints

Facilitates a more controlled push

Question 10

2 o’clock Position

Answer 10

elbows remain bent but are positioned closer to the body, with the hands oriented backward toward the 2 o’clock mark

position may also be slightly higher, creating a steeper angle at the elbow

often used when maneuvering or steering the wheelchair, particularly during turns or navigating tight spaces

Question 11

Safe Fall Techniques - Posterior

Answer 11

Block the knees & head
*Grab leg rest and stay rotated

Try & land on side with head up

Question 12

Safe Fall Techniques - Anterior

Answer 12

Protect head, rotate trunk

Grab legs

Question 13

Head/hips relationship

Answer 13

Head goes in opposite direction of where you want hips to go