Introduction - principles of drug actions

Question 1

pharamcodynamics definiton

Answer 1

effect of drug on body

Question 2

pharamacokinetics definition

Answer 2

the way the body affects the drug with time

Question 3

agonist defintion

Answer 3

active receptors

Question 4

antagonists definiton

Answer 4

combine but dont activate receptors - they block to reduce the chance of them combining

Question 5

4 different types of receptors

Answer 5

1. agonist ligand gated channel
2. g protein coupled receptor
3. nuclear receptors for steroid hormones + thyroid hormones present in the cell nucleus
4. kinase linked receptors eg insulin, cytokines + growth factors

Question 6

pathway of drug

Answer 6

drugs enter orally > gut > bloodstream

Question 7

are ionised or non ionised molecules favoured? why?

Answer 7

non-ionised

they are more lipid soluble than ionised molecules eg BH+ (surrounded by a shell of water molecules)

Question 8

which part of the gut are drugs usually absorbed from?

Answer 8

small intestine because it has a larger surface area > enters portal circulation

Question 9

what are a lot of drugs bound to

Answer 9

plasma albumin (confined to the vascular system + can’t exert its pharamcological action)