Introduction/Phylogenetics

Question 1

Monophyletic

Answer 1

(Of a group of organisms) descended from a common evolutionary ancestor or ancestral group, especially one not shared with any other group.

Question 2

Paraphyletic

Answer 2

(Of a group of organisms) descended from a common evolutionary ancestor or ancestral group, but not including all the descendant groups. (Groups must be added)

Question 3

Polyphyletic

Answer 3

(Of a group of organisms) derived from more than one common evolutionary ancestor or ancestral group and therefore not suitable for placing in the same taxon. (Groups must be removed)

Question 4

Invertebrates

Answer 4

Animals lacking a backbone
Ultimate paraphyletic group (must add vertebrates)
Contains ~30 Phyla (
~1.8 million described species (80% are arthropods)

Question 5

Apomorphy

Answer 5

Derived trait - modified from ancestral

Question 6

Plesiomorphy

Answer 6

Ancestral (basal) trait