Introduction Part 3 Flashcards
What are the three main types of homeostatic regulation systems?
•Neural Regulation
•Humoral Regulation (Telecrine,Paracrine,Neurocrine,autocrine)
•Autoregulation
Composition of Neural regulation ?
1.Sensory input portion
2.Central Nervous System ( Integrative Portion)
3.Motor Output portion
What is a large segment of nervous system called?
Autonomic System
What is the role of the nervous system in the body?
It regulates mainly muscular and secretory activities of the body.
What organs function as sensory receptors in neural regulation?
Skin, eyes, nose and tongue
What are reflexes in neural regulation?
Stimulus response sequences that can occur with or without concious awareness .
What are the components of a reflex arc?
Receptor, afferent pathway, integrating center, efferent pathway, and effector.
Can reflexes be both simple and complex?
Yes, reflexes can be easy or complicated.
What are the two types of pathways in reflexes?
Neural and hormonal pathways.
What acts as major effectors in reflexes?
Muscles and glands.
What can function as an integrating center in reflexes?
Brain, spinal cord and hormone secreting glands•
What roles can the endocrine gland play in reflex regulation?
It can act as both a receptor and an integrating center.
What happens at an integrating center in a reflex?
It receives various signals and the output reflects the net effect of the total afferent input
What are the components of the hormonal system?
It includes eight major endocrine glands:
•Hypothalamus
•Pituitary
•Thyroid
•Thymus
•Adrenal glands
•Pancreas
•Ovary in females
•Testicle in males
How are hormones transported in humoral regulation?
Hormones are transported in the extracellular fluid•
What system is humoral regulation complementary to?
The Nervous System
What functions does the hormonal system mainly regulate?
Metabolic functions
What are the 4 types of humoral signaling ?
Telecrine
Paracrine
Neurocrine
Autocrine
What makes up the efferent pathway in a reflex?
Nerve fibers and blood -borne chemical messengers and hormones.
What acts as effectors in the body?
Almost all body cells•
What is the afferent pathway?
It’s the pathway from the receptor to the nerve center
What is the efferent pathway?
Pathway from the nerve center to the effector•
