Introduction +Lec 4

Question 1

means the transportation of unaltered or altered form of drug out of the body – terminating its activity

Answer 1

Excretion of drugs ( Elimination )

Question 2

The major processes of excretion include

Answer 2

renal excretion, hepatobiliary excretion and pulmonary excretion

Question 3

The minor routes of excretion

Answer 3

saliva, sweat, tears, breast milk, vaginal fluid, nails and hair

Question 4

Only the drug which is not bound with the can pass through glomerulus

Answer 4

plasma proteins

Question 5

All the drugs which have low molecular weight can pass through glomerulus eg

Answer 5

digoxin, ethambutol

Question 6

The function of glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion is to

Answer 6

remove drug out of the body

Question 7

while tubular reabsorption tends to retain the drug.

Answer 7

retain the drug.

Question 8

The reabsorption of drug from the lumen of the distal convoluted tubules into plasma occurs either by

Answer 8

simple diffusion or by active transport.

Question 9

When the urine is acidic, the degree of ionization of basic drug

Answer 9

increase and their reabsorption decreases

Question 10

when the urine is more alkaline, the degree of ionization of acidic drug

Answer 10

increases and the reabsorption decreases

Question 11

the conjugated drugs are excreted by

Answer 11

hepatocytes in the bile

Question 12

Molecular weight more than 300 daltons and polar drugs are excreted in the

Answer 12

Bile

Question 13

A drug is said to be an ………… when it binds to a receptor and causes a response or effect.

Answer 13

agonist

Question 14

A drug is said to be a ………. when it binds to a receptor and causes a partial response.

Answer 14

partial agonist

Question 15

An ……………. binds to the receptor without causing an effect, thereby preventing an active substance from gaining access or prevent natural compound or a drug to have an effect on the receptor

Answer 15

antagonist

Question 16

The exact relationship between the dose and the response depends on the ………….. under observation and the …………

Answer 16

biological object , drug employed

Question 17

When a logarithm of dose as abscissa and responses as ordinate are constructed graphically

Answer 17

the “S” shaped or sigmoid type curve is obtained

Question 18

and the largest concentration after which further increase in concentration will not change the response is

Answer 18

the maximal dose

Question 19

dose administered to a single subject or tissue increases, the pharmacological response also increases in graded fashion up to ceiling effect.

Answer 19

Graded dose effect t is used for characterization of the action of drugs

Question 20

t is all or none response, the sensitive objects give response to small doses of a drug while some will be resistant and need very large doses.

Answer 20

Quantal dose effect