Introduction in animal research Flashcards

1
Q

When is an animal experiment allowed?

A

It is not allowed to test on animals, unless:
- there is no alternative method available
- the law obliges an animal experiment

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2
Q

What are important considerations for animal experimentation?

A
  • Usage of non-human vertebrates and chephalopods for purposes described in the EU Directive, with a risk of discomfort for the animal.
  • Clear research question
  • A procedure must be followed
  • Can be invasive or non-invasive
  • Purpose described in the EU Directive
  • With a known or unknown outcome
  • Which may cause the animal a level op pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm equivalent to, or higher than, that caused by the introduction of a needle in accordance with a good veterinary practice.
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3
Q

What are purposes that are described by the EU Directive that explain when animals can be used for research?

A
  • Basic research
  • Translational or applied research
  • By legislation obliged testing of the quality, effectiveness, toxicity and safety of drugs, foodstuffs and feedstuffs and other substances or products.
  • Protection of the natural environment in the interests of the health or welfare of human beings or animals
  • Research aimed at preservation of the species
  • Higher education, or training for the acquisition, maintenance or improvement of vocational skills
  • Forensic inquiries
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4
Q

Some examples of what animal experiments are used for.

A

Ok

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5
Q

What function do the following institutions have in animal experiments:
- NVWA
- Centrale Commissie Dierproeven (CCD)
- Animal Welfare Body (AWB)
- Animal Ethical Committee (DEC)

A
  • NVWA → oversees if researchers who use animals for their experiments follow the Wet op Dierproeven (WOD) (the law about animal experiments)
  • Centrale Commissie Dierproeven (CCD) → commission that grants researchers licences for animal experimentation.
  • Animal Welfare Body (AWB) → helps to ensure responsibe animal experimentation policy (lokal level)
  • Animal Ethical Committee (DEC) → responsible for approving and monitoring animal research within research institutions (CCD consults with DEC for advice)
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6
Q

What is the definition of the 3Rs?

A

The main goal of the 3Rs is to alter traditional animal experimentation so that animal experimentation is reduced to a minimum whenever possible. The 3Rs are:
- Replacement → methods which avoid or replace the use of animals
- Reduction → methods which minimise the number of animals used per experiment
- Refinement → methods which minimise animal suffering and improve welfare

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7
Q

Animal research is tightly regulated by the Dutch and EU law. Name 1 of the authorities that is involved in the approval of a project license.

A
  • CCD (centrale commissie dierproeven)
  • AWB (Animal welfare body/instantie voor dierenwelzijn)
  • DEC (Dieren experimenten commissie/Animal ethics committee)
  • NVWA (Nederlands Voedsel- en Warenauthoriteit)
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