Introduction Chapter 1 Flashcards
What are the 12 systems present in the human body
- Central nervous systems CNS
- Special senses
- Nerve muscle physiology
- Blood system
- Cardiovascular system
- Respiratory system
- Endocrine system
- Digestive or Gastrointestinal system
- Excretory system
- Reproductive system
- Immunity system
- General physiology
Immunity is part of which system
Blood system
What is the smallest, structural and functional unit
Cell
What are the characteristics of cell
- Requires oxygen and nutrients in order to survive
- Produces its own energy and Removes all the waste products and co2
- Maintain a constant internal environment (homeostasis)
- Almost all cells have ability to multiply and grow (exception neurons)
- Cell response to stimuli meaning cell can detect and respond to environmental changes
What are tissues
Same type of cells coming together to perform specific functions
Types of tissue
- Epithelial tissue
- Muscle tissue
- Connective tissue
- Nervous tissue
What does abnormality in cells means
Disease
What are organs
When different types of tissue coming to perform a specific function
What are system
When different types of organs come together to perform a specific function
What is physiology
Branch of science which deals with the study of functions of living organisms. It is a dynamic study of life describing the functions of organisms at a organ level, cellular and molecular level
The word “physiology “ comes from which language and does it means
Physiology comes from the Greek language where physis means nature and logos means to study or science
What is homeostasis
The ability to maintain a constant internal environment in a changing external environment
Who introduced the concept of homeostasis
A French physiologist Claude Bernard
Who introduced the term homeostasis
An American physiologist Walter B. Cannon
In which year was the term homeostasis introduced and what does homeostasis means
Homeostasis term was introduced in 1932 by Walter B Cannon in which homeoios means the same while stasis means standing
What is the core body temperature
37 C
What is responsiveness
Give an example
Responsiveness is a property of organism to respond to changes in the environment.
Ex. Withdrawal of limp from a painful stimulus
What is conduction of impulse
When the living tissue transmits a wave of excitation from one region to another
A well developed tissue which shows conduction and responsiveness
Muscle and nerve
Function of the body is regulated by which system
Endocrine and nervous system
What are hormones
They are the specialised chemical messenger produced by endocrine systems
Which system satisfies the oxygen need of the cell
Cardiovascular system
What does the lymphatic system compose of
Lymph, lymphatic vessel, lymphatic nodes, spleen and thymus
What does the lymphatic system compose of
Lymph, lymphatic vessel, lymphatic nodes, spleen and thymus
What does the lymphatic system do
Helps in the movement of
1. Fluid and large protein molecules from tissue spaces
2. The fat related substances from the digestive system to the blood
What is immunology
Study of immune response of the body
Which system helps to resist infection and fight disease
Immunity and lymphatic system
How are waste byproduct removed from the body
Solid waste by gastrointestinal tract
Excess water and soluble waste through renal system
Gaseous waste by respiratory system
What is growth
Increase in size or increase in number of cell can result in growth
