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Introduction/cell Flashcards

1
Q

2 types of cell

A

Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic

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2
Q

2 domains in prokaryotic

A

Bacteria
Archeabacteria

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3
Q

4 kingdom in eukaryotic

A

Protista
Plants/plantae
Fungi
Animals/Animalia

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4
Q

It thrives in an extreme environment

A

Archaebacteria

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5
Q

1st to live on earth

A

Bacteria

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6
Q

Size of animal and plant cell

A

10-100um

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7
Q

Size of ostrich egg

A

10-100mm

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8
Q

Can magmify cells up to approximately 400x

A

Light Microscopes

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9
Q

Used to examine larger objects such as tissues

A

Dissecting microscopes

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10
Q

3types of microscope

A

Light
Dissecting
Electron

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11
Q

2types of electron microscope

A

Scanning
Transmission

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12
Q

To investigate the ultrastructure

A

Electron microscope

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13
Q

Cell theory

A

-All living things are composed of cell
-Cells are the basic unit of life
-All cells came from pre-existing cells

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14
Q

4 organelles/structures that pro&eukaryotic has

A

Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA
Ribosomes

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15
Q

What structure/organelles thatEukaryotic has but pro donot

A

Nucleus

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16
Q

What structure/organelles that prokaryotic has but eukaryotic donot

A

Nucleiod region

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17
Q

7 structures of a prokayotic celss

A

Capsule
Cellwall
Cell membrane
Chromosomal DNA(localized in nucleiod region)
Pili
Ribosomes
Flagellum

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18
Q

Simple, single-celled(unicellular) organism that lacjs a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle

A

Prokaryotic cell

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19
Q

What organelles does animal cell have but plant cell do not

A

Centrioles
Lysosomes
Centrosomes

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20
Q

What organelles does plant cell have but animal cell do not

A

Chloroplast
Cell Wall
Plasmodesmata

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21
Q

12 parts of a cell(general)

A

Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Vesicles
Vacuoles
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Peroxisomes

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22
Q

A phospholipid bilayer that regulates the passage of some substances like organic molecules, ions and water

A

Plasma membrane

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23
Q

It maintain the internal conditions of the cell

A

Plasma membrane

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24
Q

Phospholipid is a lipid molecule composed of ___

A

2 fatty acid chains
Glycerol backbone
Phosphate group

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25
Located between the plasma membrane and nuclear envelope
Cytoplasm
26
Made up of organelles suspended in a gel-like (cytosol), the cytoskeleton, and various chemicals
Cytoplasm
27
Site of several metabolic events(protein production)
Cytoplasm
28
3 cytoskeletal fibers
Microfilaments Intermediate filaments Microtubules
29
The thinnest among the 3 cytoskeletal fibers
Microfilaments
30
It is responsible fpr moving cellular like example is during the cell devision
Microfilaments
31
It maintains the structure of microvilli, an extensive folding of plasma membrane found i cells dedicated to absroption
Microfilaments
32
It is common in muscle cellss and respomsible for muscle cell contraction
Microfilaments
33
It maintain the shape of the cell and anchoring the organelles
Intermediate filaments
34
Compound that strengthen the hair and nails and it forms 1 type of intermediate filaments
Keratin
35
Thickest of the 3 fibers
Microtubules
36
Hallow tubes that can be dissolve and reform quickly
Microtubules
37
It means within
Endo
38
Group of organelles that work together for packaging, modify and transport lipids&proteins
The Endomembrane system
39
Members of Endomembrane system
Nuclear Envelope Lysosomes Vesicles Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Plasma membrane
40
Why does the plasma membrane is included in the member of endomembrane system
Because plasma membrane interacts with other endomembranous organelles
41
Most prominent/important organelle of the cell
Nucleus
42
It houses/contain the DNA
Nucleus
43
Nucleus direct the synthesis of ____&____
Ribosomes Proteins
44
4parts of nucleus
Nuclear envelope Nuclear pore Chromatin Nucleolus
45
Double membrane structure that constitute most of the outermost portion of the cell
Nuclear envelope
46
Both the inner and outer membrane of the nuclear envelopd are___
Phopholipid bilayer
47
Controls the passage of ions, molecules and RNA between the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm
Nuclear pore
48
Combination of DNA and Proteins
Cheomatin
49
A darklh staining area that aggregates the rRNA with associated proteins to assemble the ribosomal units that are then transported through the nuclear pores into the cytoplasm
Nucleolus
50
2types of ER
Rought ER Smooth ER
51
Ribosomes attached to its give its a studded appearance when viewes in the microscopes
Rough ER
52
It synthesise(ribosome) Proteins
Rough ED
53
What will happen if the proteins are not destined to stay in the RER?
They will be paclafed within vesicles abd get transported from the RER
54
It has few or no ribosomes on its cytoplasmic surface
Smooth ER
55
For synthesis of catbohydrates, lipids and steroid hormines
Smooth ER
56
Series of flattened-membranous sacs where sorting, tagging and oackaging
Golgi appratus
57
It has a receiving face near the endoplasmic reticulum and a releasing face on the side away from the ER
Golgi apparatus
58
Spherixal, membrane bound organelle that are part of the recycling system of the cell. Iit is generated by thw Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
59
It uses their hydrolytic enzymes to destroy disease-causing organisms
Lysosomes
60
Group of WBC
Macrophages
61
They are a membrane bound sacs that function for storage and transport
Vesicles and Vacuoles
62
Does not fuse with other membranes within the cell
Vacuoles
63
Can fuse with other membranous
Vesicles
64
___ within plant vacuoles can break dosn
Enzymes
65
These arw enzymes complexes responsible for the synthesis of protein
Ribosomes
66
It is essential or necessary in every cells
Proteim synthesis
67
Ribosome are found in every cells, although they are quite ____ in prokarhotic cells
Small
68
Ribosome are abundant in immature _____ for the synthesis of ____
Red blood cells Hemoglobin
69
Responsible for fhe transport of oxygen through out the whole body
Hemoglobin
70
Powerhouses/energy factories of the cell
Mitochondria
71
Respomsible for making the ATP
Mitochondria
72
The cell's main energy-carrying molecules
Adenosinw Triphosphate(ATP)
73
How ATP was formed
Breakdown of glucose in the process called Cellular respiration
74
Muscles cells has a ____ of mitochomdria because
High concentratiom Because muscle cell needs a lot of energy to contract
75
Small round organelle enclosed by a single membrane that carry out oxidation reactions
Peroxisomes
76
What happens in oxidation reactions?
Break down of fattty acids and amino acids
77
It alsp detoxify many posioms
Peroxisomes
78
Give example that peroxisoms do
Alcohol is beong detoxify by peroxisomes in the liver
79
Rigid covering that protects the cell
Cellwall
80
What cell does prokaryptic have
Peptidoglycan
81
What cell wall does eukaryotes have
Polysaccharide
82
Cell wall of plant cell
Glucose
83
Mad up of long, striaght chains of glucose
Polysaccharides
84
Function in photosynthesis a That are found in eukaryotic cellss such as plants and algae
Chloroplast
85
Explain the process of photosynthesis
In photsynthesis, carbon dioxide, water and light energy is used to make glucose and oxygen
86
T/F Photosynthetic protist does have chloroplast
True
87
They perform photosynthesis although they dont have the chlorplast
Bacteria
88
Pigment of chloroplast
Chlorophyll
89
The phtosynthetic pigments of bacteria are located in_____
Thylakoid
90
Regulates the cell's concentration of water in changing environmental conditions
Central vacuole
91
Provides____ which is the outwatd pressure caused by the fluid inside the cell
Turgur pressure eh

CMB (3 decks)

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