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CMB > Introduction/cell > Flashcards

Introduction/cell Flashcards

1
Q

2 types of cell

A

Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic

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2
Q

2 domains in prokaryotic

A

Bacteria
Archeabacteria

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3
Q

4 kingdom in eukaryotic

A

Protista
Plants/plantae
Fungi
Animals/Animalia

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4
Q

It thrives in an extreme environment

A

Archaebacteria

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5
Q

1st to live on earth

A

Bacteria

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6
Q

Size of animal and plant cell

A

10-100um

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7
Q

Size of ostrich egg

A

10-100mm

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8
Q

Can magmify cells up to approximately 400x

A

Light Microscopes

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9
Q

Used to examine larger objects such as tissues

A

Dissecting microscopes

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10
Q

3types of microscope

A

Light
Dissecting
Electron

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11
Q

2types of electron microscope

A

Scanning
Transmission

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12
Q

To investigate the ultrastructure

A

Electron microscope

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13
Q

Cell theory

A

-All living things are composed of cell
-Cells are the basic unit of life
-All cells came from pre-existing cells

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14
Q

4 organelles/structures that pro&eukaryotic has

A

Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA
Ribosomes

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15
Q

What structure/organelles thatEukaryotic has but pro donot

A

Nucleus

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16
Q

What structure/organelles that prokaryotic has but eukaryotic donot

A

Nucleiod region

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17
Q

7 structures of a prokayotic celss

A

Capsule
Cellwall
Cell membrane
Chromosomal DNA(localized in nucleiod region)
Pili
Ribosomes
Flagellum

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18
Q

Simple, single-celled(unicellular) organism that lacjs a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle

A

Prokaryotic cell

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19
Q

What organelles does animal cell have but plant cell do not

A

Centrioles
Lysosomes
Centrosomes

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20
Q

What organelles does plant cell have but animal cell do not

A

Chloroplast
Cell Wall
Plasmodesmata

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21
Q

12 parts of a cell(general)

A

Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Vesicles
Vacuoles
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Peroxisomes

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22
Q

A phospholipid bilayer that regulates the passage of some substances like organic molecules, ions and water

A

Plasma membrane

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23
Q

It maintain the internal conditions of the cell

A

Plasma membrane

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24
Q

Phospholipid is a lipid molecule composed of ___

A

2 fatty acid chains
Glycerol backbone
Phosphate group

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25
Q

Located between the plasma membrane and nuclear envelope

A

Cytoplasm

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26
Q

Made up of organelles suspended in a gel-like (cytosol), the cytoskeleton, and various chemicals

A

Cytoplasm

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27
Q

Site of several metabolic events(protein production)

A

Cytoplasm

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28
Q

3 cytoskeletal fibers

A

Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
Microtubules

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29
Q

The thinnest among the 3 cytoskeletal fibers

A

Microfilaments

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30
Q

It is responsible fpr moving cellular like example is during the cell devision

A

Microfilaments

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31
Q

It maintains the structure of microvilli, an extensive folding of plasma membrane found i cells dedicated to absroption

A

Microfilaments

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32
Q

It is common in muscle cellss and respomsible for muscle cell contraction

A

Microfilaments

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33
Q

It maintain the shape of the cell and anchoring the organelles

A

Intermediate filaments

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34
Q

Compound that strengthen the hair and nails and it forms 1 type of intermediate filaments

A

Keratin

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35
Q

Thickest of the 3 fibers

A

Microtubules

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36
Q

Hallow tubes that can be dissolve and reform quickly

A

Microtubules

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37
Q

It means within

A

Endo

38
Q

Group of organelles that work together for packaging, modify and transport lipids&proteins

A

The Endomembrane system

39
Q

Members of Endomembrane system

A

Nuclear Envelope
Lysosomes
Vesicles
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Plasma membrane

40
Q

Why does the plasma membrane is included in the member of endomembrane system

A

Because plasma membrane interacts with other endomembranous organelles

41
Q

Most prominent/important organelle of the cell

A

Nucleus

42
Q

It houses/contain the DNA

A

Nucleus

43
Q

Nucleus direct the synthesis of ____&____

A

Ribosomes
Proteins

44
Q

4parts of nucleus

A

Nuclear envelope
Nuclear pore
Chromatin
Nucleolus

45
Q

Double membrane structure that constitute most of the outermost portion of the cell

A

Nuclear envelope

46
Q

Both the inner and outer membrane of the nuclear envelopd are___

A

Phopholipid bilayer

47
Q

Controls the passage of ions, molecules and RNA between the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm

A

Nuclear pore

48
Q

Combination of DNA and Proteins

A

Cheomatin

49
Q

A darklh staining area that aggregates the rRNA with associated proteins to assemble the ribosomal units that are then transported through the nuclear pores into the cytoplasm

A

Nucleolus

50
Q

2types of ER

A

Rought ER
Smooth ER

51
Q

Ribosomes attached to its give its a studded appearance when viewes in the microscopes

A

Rough ER

52
Q

It synthesise(ribosome) Proteins

A

Rough ED

53
Q

What will happen if the proteins are not destined to stay in the RER?

A

They will be paclafed within vesicles abd get transported from the RER

54
Q

It has few or no ribosomes on its cytoplasmic surface

A

Smooth ER

55
Q

For synthesis of catbohydrates, lipids and steroid hormines

A

Smooth ER

56
Q

Series of flattened-membranous sacs where sorting, tagging and oackaging

A

Golgi appratus

57
Q

It has a receiving face near the endoplasmic reticulum and a releasing face on the side away from the ER

A

Golgi apparatus

58
Q

Spherixal, membrane bound organelle that are part of the recycling system of the cell. Iit is generated by thw Golgi apparatus

A

Lysosomes

59
Q

It uses their hydrolytic enzymes to destroy disease-causing organisms

A

Lysosomes

60
Q

Group of WBC

A

Macrophages

61
Q

They are a membrane bound sacs that function for storage and transport

A

Vesicles and Vacuoles

62
Q

Does not fuse with other membranes within the cell

A

Vacuoles

63
Q

Can fuse with other membranous

A

Vesicles

64
Q

___ within plant vacuoles can break dosn

A

Enzymes

65
Q

These arw enzymes complexes responsible for the synthesis of protein

A

Ribosomes

66
Q

It is essential or necessary in every cells

A

Proteim synthesis

67
Q

Ribosome are found in every cells, although they are quite ____ in prokarhotic cells

A

Small

68
Q

Ribosome are abundant in immature _____ for the synthesis of ____

A

Red blood cells
Hemoglobin

69
Q

Responsible for fhe transport of oxygen through out the whole body

A

Hemoglobin

70
Q

Powerhouses/energy factories of the cell

A

Mitochondria

71
Q

Respomsible for making the ATP

A

Mitochondria

72
Q

The cell’s main energy-carrying molecules

A

Adenosinw Triphosphate(ATP)

73
Q

How ATP was formed

A

Breakdown of glucose in the process called Cellular respiration

74
Q

Muscles cells has a ____ of mitochomdria because

A

High concentratiom
Because muscle cell needs a lot of energy to contract

75
Q

Small round organelle enclosed by a single membrane that carry out oxidation reactions

A

Peroxisomes

76
Q

What happens in oxidation reactions?

A

Break down of fattty acids and amino acids

77
Q

It alsp detoxify many posioms

A

Peroxisomes

78
Q

Give example that peroxisoms do

A

Alcohol is beong detoxify by peroxisomes in the liver

79
Q

Rigid covering that protects the cell

A

Cellwall

80
Q

What cell does prokaryptic have

A

Peptidoglycan

81
Q

What cell wall does eukaryotes have

A

Polysaccharide

82
Q

Cell wall of plant cell

A

Glucose

83
Q

Mad up of long, striaght chains of glucose

A

Polysaccharides

84
Q

Function in photosynthesis a
That are found in eukaryotic cellss such as plants and algae

A

Chloroplast

85
Q

Explain the process of photosynthesis

A

In photsynthesis, carbon dioxide, water and light energy is used to make glucose and oxygen

86
Q

T/F
Photosynthetic protist does have chloroplast

A

True

87
Q

They perform photosynthesis although they dont have the chlorplast

A

Bacteria

88
Q

Pigment of chloroplast

A

Chlorophyll

89
Q

The phtosynthetic pigments of bacteria are located in_____

A

Thylakoid

90
Q

Regulates the cell’s concentration of water in changing environmental conditions

A

Central vacuole

91
Q

Provides____ which is the outwatd pressure caused by the fluid inside the cell

A

Turgur pressure eh

CMB (3 decks)

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