Introduction and Theory Flashcards
Freud’s theory of development
Psychocoanalytic
Id: unconscious, present at birth, biological needs and desires
Ego: conscious, rational part of the personality, redirect the Id’s impulses more acceptably, develops in early infancy
Superego: conscience, develops between 3 and 6 years old from interaction with caregivers
5 stages of development are where these 3 become integrated
Psychosocial (Erikson): Birth-1
basic trust vs mistrust
Psychosocial (Erikson): 1-3
autonomy vs shame and doubt
Psychosocial (Erikson): 3-6
initiative vs guilt
Psychosocial (Erikson): 6-11
industry vs inferiority
Psychosocial (Erikson): adolescence
identity role vs confusion
Psychosocial (Erikson): early adulthood
intimacy vs isolation
Psychosocial (Erikson): middle adulthood
generativity vs stagnation
Psychosocial (Erikson): Late adulthood
integrity vs despair
Piaget: birth-2 yrs
sensorimotor, senses and movement to explore world, invent ways of solving sensorimotor problems
Piaget: 2-7
pre-operational, use symbols, develop language, play make believe, thinking is still lacking
Piaget: 7-11
concrete operational, thinking logical and reasonable but not yet abstract
What special ethical concerns arise in research on human development?
protection from harm
informed consent
privacy
knowledge of results
beneficial treatment
Resilience in early childhood development (and what factors promote it)
can be very resilient especially early in childhood
adapting in the face of threats to development
Factors: personal characteristics, warm caregiver relationship, social support outside family, community resources and opportunities