Introduction Flashcards
Flat Files
No internal hierarchy
Heap Files
Unsorted set of records with unique IDs which allows them to be inserted or deleted using that ID.
Index Files
Store a list of lookup field values from a data file along with the location in the data file of the corresponding record.
Hashed Files
Use a hash function to decide where a record should be placed on a disk which allows for faster lookup without an index file.
Data
Consists of raw facts
Information
The result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning
Knowledge
Body of information and data about a specific subject
Data Management
Proper generation, storage, and retrieval of data.
Database
Shared, integrated computer structure that stores a collection of end-user data and metadata
End-user Data
Raw facts of interest to the end user
Metadata
Data about data
DBMS
Database Management System
Collection of programs that manage the database structure and controls access to the data
Query
Specific request issued to DBMS
Data Quality
Accuracy, validity, and timeliness of data
Business Intelligence
Comprehensive approach to capture and process business data with the purpose of generating information to support business decision making.
Two-dimensional Table Structure
Found in most databases. Process of decomposing data into its constituent parts, each part in its own table.
Structural Dependence
Access to a file is dependent on its structure
Data Dependence
Changing field characteristics impacts the ability to access the data
Logical Data Format
How human being views data
Physical Data Format
How the computer must work with the data
Islands of Information
Same basic data stored in different locations
Each island has different versions of the data
Data Integrity
Data is accurate and verifiable
Data Anomalies
Not all required changes in the redundant data are made successfully
Database System
Components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management, and use of data.