Introduction

Question 1

Native grapes are also called?

Answer 1

Autochthonous or indigenous

Question 2

International grapes are defined as?

Answer 2

Grapes that have been planted everywhere over the last 100 years, but are native to France

Question 3

Traditional grape varieties are defined as?

Answer 3

Grapes that have been grown in a specific place in Italy for the last 3-500 years. I.e Cabernet franc, Pinot blanc and merlot are traditional grapes of Veneto

Question 4

What are the 3 geographic categories of grapes in Italy. Explain each:

Answer 4

National: grown all over the country
Interregional: grown in more than 1 region
Regional: grown within a restricted area within a region

Question 5

How are grapes categorized by cultivation?

Answer 5

Diffusely: greater than 1000ha
Locally: 100-1000ha
Scarcely: 10-100ha
Risk of extinction: <10ha

Question 6

What is the estimated number of native grapes in Italy

Answer 6

400 to 1500

Question 7

What % of the world wine grapes exist in Italy

Answer 7

28-35%

Question 8

Define a varietal Biotype or sub variety:

Answer 8

1. Members of a grape variety that exhibit phenolic, morphological and physiological differences due to adaption or mutation over centuries
2. Differences include berry size and color differences, yield differences, disease susceptible and so on
3. Bio types express intravarietal variabilities

Question 9

Define a clone

Answer 9

genetically identical to the mother plant
Non sexual grafting of plant material
Clones are unnatural reproduction

Question 10

What is the science of varietal identification

Answer 10

ampelology (not ampelograpgy)

Question 11

How are grape varieties recognized?

Answer 11

ampelography

Enzyme and metabolic study (not used as often as too unreliable)

Micro satellites: nuclear and chloroplast most common

Question 12

What is Ampleography?

Answer 12

science of grape organs and reproductive behaviors

Question 13

What is Ampelometry

Answer 13

quantifiable measurements (objective measurements) of Ampleography

Question 14

What are Italy’s top 6 largest regions in order of size:

Answer 14

1. Sicilia
2. Piedmont’s
3. Sardegna
4. Lombardia
5. Trenton Alto-Adige
6. Emilia Romagna