introduction Flashcards
introduction to the course
FMD pathogen
virus that infects epithelial cells
signs of FMD
drooling (excess salivation), loss of appetite, ulceration of tongue and oral cavity
‘wider’ significance of FMD
notifiable disease
atrophic rhinitis in growing pigs: pathogen(s)
initial colonisation of Bordetella bronchiseptica + infection with Pasteurella multocida
signs of atrophic rhinitis
degeneration of osteoblasts, replacement of the bony core of the nasal conchae by fibrous tissue, loss of turbinates, shortening of the snout
secondary effect of atrophic rhinitis
loss of immune defences for respiratory diseases –> animal more susceptible to infections of the lower respiratory tract
agents of canine bronchitis (kennel cough)
Bordetella bronchiseptica, canine adenovirus type 2, canine parainfluenza virus, canine respiratory coronavirus and canine mycoplasmas
caveat with vaccines against canine/bovine viruses and bacterias involved in pneumonias
not 100% effective
cause of meningitis in the pig
Streptococcus suis type 2
‘story’ of infection
zoonotic bacteria, respiratory pathogen, causes systemic disease results in the organism entering CSF –> often fatal meniigitis
when is the disease most seen in pigs?
post-weaned pig
management of the disease
sick pigs require antimicrobial treatments, wider consideration of the pigs environment and husbandry measures
Johne’s disease proper description
chronic granulomatous inflammtion
pathogen of Johne’s disease
Mycobacteriuum avium, a subspecies of paratuberculosis
when are animals mostly infected, when does the disease develop clinical signs?
calves often infected before 3 months old, clincal disease in animals usually over 2 years of age
what are the clinical signs and what are they due to?
diarrhoea that results from thickened ileum, because bacterium ingested by macrophages in the ileum that recruit further macrophages that thicken the ileum
infection of other animals of Johne’s disease
organisms shed in the environment via the feces
epidemiology of Johne’s disease
usually regarded ruminant’s disease but wildlife has been observed to act as a reservoir of infection
feline infectious peritonitis what do infected cats develop
a vasculitis not necessarily in the peritoneum
two forms of the disease
wet form= protein rich effusions
dry form= (pyo)granulomas in organs
cause of feline infectious peritonitis
virus mutation of the less pathogenic feline enteric coronavirus
aetiology of feline infectious peritonitis
type III hypersensitivity-type reaction in the blood vessels
virus defence againts immune defences?
survives intracellular killing mechanisms of monocytes
outcome of FIP
fatal whereas feline enteric coronavirus is not fatal