introduction

Question 1

FMD pathogen

Answer 1

virus that infects epithelial cells

Question 2

signs of FMD

Answer 2

drooling (excess salivation), loss of appetite, ulceration of tongue and oral cavity

Question 3

‘wider’ significance of FMD

Answer 3

notifiable disease

Question 4

atrophic rhinitis in growing pigs: pathogen(s)

Answer 4

initial colonisation of Bordetella bronchiseptica + infection with Pasteurella multocida

Question 5

signs of atrophic rhinitis

Answer 5

degeneration of osteoblasts, replacement of the bony core of the nasal conchae by fibrous tissue, loss of turbinates, shortening of the snout

Question 6

secondary effect of atrophic rhinitis

Answer 6

loss of immune defences for respiratory diseases –> animal more susceptible to infections of the lower respiratory tract

Question 7

agents of canine bronchitis (kennel cough)

Answer 7

Bordetella bronchiseptica, canine adenovirus type 2, canine parainfluenza virus, canine respiratory coronavirus and canine mycoplasmas

Question 8

caveat with vaccines against canine/bovine viruses and bacterias involved in pneumonias

Answer 8

not 100% effective

Question 9

cause of meningitis in the pig

Answer 9

Streptococcus suis type 2

Question 10

‘story’ of infection

Answer 10

zoonotic bacteria, respiratory pathogen, causes systemic disease results in the organism entering CSF –> often fatal meniigitis

Question 11

when is the disease most seen in pigs?

Answer 11

post-weaned pig

Question 12

management of the disease

Answer 12

sick pigs require antimicrobial treatments, wider consideration of the pigs environment and husbandry measures

Question 13

Johne’s disease proper description

Answer 13

chronic granulomatous inflammtion

Question 14

pathogen of Johne’s disease

Answer 14

Mycobacteriuum avium, a subspecies of paratuberculosis

Question 15

when are animals mostly infected, when does the disease develop clinical signs?

Answer 15

calves often infected before 3 months old, clincal disease in animals usually over 2 years of age

Question 16

what are the clinical signs and what are they due to?

Answer 16

diarrhoea that results from thickened ileum, because bacterium ingested by macrophages in the ileum that recruit further macrophages that thicken the ileum

Question 17

infection of other animals of Johne’s disease

Answer 17

organisms shed in the environment via the feces

Question 18

epidemiology of Johne’s disease

Answer 18

usually regarded ruminant’s disease but wildlife has been observed to act as a reservoir of infection

Question 19

feline infectious peritonitis what do infected cats develop

Answer 19

a vasculitis not necessarily in the peritoneum

Question 20

two forms of the disease

Answer 20

wet form= protein rich effusions

dry form= (pyo)granulomas in organs

Question 21

cause of feline infectious peritonitis

Answer 21

virus mutation of the less pathogenic feline enteric coronavirus

Question 22

aetiology of feline infectious peritonitis

Answer 22

type III hypersensitivity-type reaction in the blood vessels

Question 23

virus defence againts immune defences?

Answer 23

survives intracellular killing mechanisms of monocytes

Question 24

outcome of FIP

Answer 24

fatal whereas feline enteric coronavirus is not fatal