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Clinical Toxicology > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

Physical Examination

A 
Vital signs:
– Pulse
– Blood pressure
– Temperature
– Respiratory rate
– Blood oxygenation
Ventillation
Pupils
Skin
GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale Score)
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2
Q

Drugs/substances that cause bradycardia

A

Beta-blockers
Digoxin
Anticholinesterase inhibitors (insecticides, chemical weapons)
Opiates

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3
Q

Drugs/substances that cause tachycardia

A

Sympathomimetics (Amphetamine, cocaine, LSD, designer drugs)

Theophylline

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4
Q

Drugs/substances that cause hypotension

A

Antihypertensives
Antidepressants
Sedatives
Opiates

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5
Q

Drugs/substances that cause hypertension

A

Sympathomimetics (Amphetamine, cocaine, LSD, designer drugs)
Nicotine
Caffeine

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6
Q

Drugs/substances that cause hypothermia

A

Carbon monoxide
Oral hypoglycemics
Sedatives
Alcohol

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7
Q

Drugs/substances that cause hyperthermia

A

Sympathomimetics (Amphetamine, cocaine, LSD, designer drugs)
Anticholinergics (atropine)
Salicylates

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8
Q

Drugs/substances that cause hypoventilation

A

Sedatives
Opiates
Marijuana

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9
Q

Drugs/substances that cause hyperventilation

A 
Metabolic acidosis (methanol, ethylene glycol)
Pulmonary edema (hydrocarbons such as gasoline aspiration)
Pneumonitis (frequent complication of toxic coma)
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10
Q

Anisocoria definition and causes

A

Condition characterized by an unequal size of the eyes’ pupils

Causes include; brain tumors, intracranial hemorrhage, and pharmacological agents applied to one eye

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11
Q

What causes red skin

A

Carbon monoxide

Cholinesterase inhibitors

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12
Q

What causes blue skin

A

Methemoglobinemia

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13
Q

What causes blistering

A

Barbituates

Snake/spider bites

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14
Q

What do you assess in GCS?

A

Eye opening response
Verbal response
Motor response

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15
Q

Evaluation of score in GCS

A

Best response: 15
Comatose client: 8 or less
Totally unresponsive: 3

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16
Q

Electrocardiogram - Ischemia

A

Carbon monoxide

Sympathomimetics (amphetamine, cocaine, LSD, designer drugs)

17
Q

Electrocardiogram - QT prolongation

A

Antipsychotics (haloperidol,
chlorpromazine)
Antidepressants (amitryptiline, doxepin, mianserin)
Antiarrythmics (amiodarone, propafenone, sotalol)
Antihistamines

18
Q

Causes of miosis

A

Opiates and cholinesterase inhibitors

19
Q

Causes of mydriasis

A 
Sympathomimetics
Antihistamines
Antidepressants
Anticholinergics
Vision loss (methanol)
20
Q

What symptoms may characterize poisoning or hypoglycemia or both?

A 
Anxiety
Abnormal thinking
Impaired judgement
Confusion
Slurred speech
21
Q

What symptoms may characterize poisoning or head injury or both?

A 
Loss of consciousness or dizziness
Confusion
Disorientation
Headache
Nausea
Vomiting
Bradycardia

Clinical Toxicology (5 decks)

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