Introduction Flashcards
When opening a bottle of still wine, how many times is it best to wipe the top of the bottle?
TWICE, 2
When opening a bottle of sparkling wine, what is the correct angle for holding the bottle, and what is gently turned back and forth – the bottle or the cork?
30 degrees, and the bottle is turned back and forth
How many 125 ml glasses are in a 750 ml bottle of wine?
6
And how many 175 ml glasses?
4
Name two reasons for decanting.
To remove deposit/sediments from wine
To “air” wine to allow aromas to come up.
Sweet wines are best served at what temperature range?
6 - 8 C, well chilled
Sparkling wines are best served at what temperature range?
6 - 10 C, well chilled
Light/Medium WHITE wines are best served at what temperature range?
7 - 10 C, chilled
Medium/Full WHITE wines are best served at what temperature range?
10 - 13 C, lightly chilled
Light RED wines are best served at what temperature range?
13 C, lightly chilled
Full RED wines are best served at what temperature range?
15 - 18 C, room temperature
What is a high-risk wine?
Wines with the most bitterness from oak and skin tannins, high-level acidity and alcohol, and complex flavours.
What is a low-risk wine?
Simple, unoaked wines with a little residual sugar. Unlikely to be made unpleasant with any dish.
Sweetness in food:
Increases acidity and alcohol, decreases sweetness on wine
Umami in food:
Increases bitterness, acidity and alcohol. Decreases body, sweetness and fruitness.
Acidityy in food:
Increases body, sweetness and fruitness. Decreases acidity.
Salt in food:
Increases body. Decreases bitterness and acidity.
What is the ideal temperature range for storage of wine?
10 - 15C, cool and constant.
Is ‘vieilles vignes’ (old vines) a legal term?
No, but maybe in the future cna become.
What is the word for ‘dry’ in French, Italian, Spanish and German.
Sec, Secco, Seco, Trocken
What is the word for ‘medium-dry’ in French, Italian, Spanish and German.
Demi-sec, Abboccato, Semiseco, Habtrocken
What is the word for ‘medium-sweet’ in French, Italian, Spanish and German.
Doux, Dolce, Dulce, Semidulce, Lieblich
Define ‘barrel/barrique-fermented’
For white wines only. Fermenting wine in oak allows better integration of oak flavours into the wine. more labour intensive therefore the wine becomes more expensive.
Are unfiltered/unfined wines likelier to need decanting when aged?
Yes, they tend to develop sediments with age.
What is PDO?
Protected designation of origin, PDO’s are smaller delimeted areas with more tightly defined rules.
What is PGI?
Protected Geographical Indication, larger delimeted areas with fewer regulations.
In order to produce a crop of ripe healthy grapes a vine needs these 5:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) Sunlight Water Warmth Nutrients
Climate vs Weather
Climate is the typical weather patterns of a given region, and weather is the annual expression of that climate, and how it varies year to year.
Name three factors in the vineyard that affect the cost of wine:
Land cost
Machinery,
Cost and availability of labour/equipment
Name three factors in the winery that affect the cost of a bottle of wine:
Equipment and how eficciently is used
Cost of barrels
Ageing, storage facilities
Name three factors in the packing and distribution that affect the cost of a bottle of wine:
Exchange rates
Packaging
Transport costs
Name two diseases that affect grapes
Mildew and Rot
Name three pests that affect grapes
Phylloxera, nematodes, birds and animals
List all the traditional terms for PDO wines from the textbook
France: Apellation d’Origine Controlee (AOC)
Italy: Denominazione d’Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG & DOC)
Spain: Denominacion de Origin Calificada (DOCa)
Germany: Qualitatswein and Predikatswein
List all the traditional terms used for PGI wines from the textbook
France: Pays d’OC (PdO) or Indication Geographique Protegee
Italy: Indicazione Geografica Tipica (IGP)
Spain: Vino de la Tierra (VdlT)
Germany: Landwine
List all the levels in the German Pradikatswein category in ascending levels of sweetness.
Kabinett Spatlese Auselese Beerenauslese Trockenbeerenauslese Eiswen
Describe three winemaking techniques for adding flavour, texture and complexity to Chardonnay
Lees ageing, barrel fermentation, barrel ageing