Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

Qu’est ce qui fait être vivant? (2)

A
  • Autoperpétuation d’une info (capable de transmettre son info)
  • Adaptation au milieu de cette perpétuation (évolution)
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2
Q

Quels sont les principaux elements chimiques dans le monde? (6)

A

H, C, N, O, P, S

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3
Q

Pourquoi C a la base de tout?

A
  • Hybridation sp3
  • O2 ne nuit pas aux longues chaines de C
  • CO2 facile à eliminer
  • Peut etre oxyde ou reduit
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4
Q

Cétone

A

R-CO-R

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5
Q

Aldehyde

A

R-CO-H

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6
Q

Acide carbox

A

R-CO-OH

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7
Q

Hydroxyle

A

-OH

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8
Q

Thiol

A

R-SH

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9
Q

Groupe aminé

A

R-NH2
R-NH-R
R-NR-R

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10
Q

Amide

A

R-CO-N

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11
Q

Ether

A

R-C-O-C-R

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12
Q

Ester

A

R-C-O-CO-R

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13
Q

Formule dvpee vs semi dvpee

A

Dvpee: tous les liens, ts les H
Semi: CH3-CH2-CH3

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14
Q

Thermo de l’assemblage des molecules

A

Bris d’un lien: exothermique
Formation: endothermique
-> entropie
Energie stockee ds la molecule est moindre que celle qu’il en a coute pour la construire

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15
Q

Proprietes de H2O

A
  • Ponts H
  • plus dense a l’etat liquide que solide
  • polaire
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16
Q

Polarite de l’eau

A

Hydrophobe: non polaire, not attracted to water (polaire)

Hydrophile: polaire, attracted by charges partielles de l’eau

17
Q

Acide/base

A
Acide donne H*
Henderson hasselback
-logH=-logKa+log(A-/AH)
pH=pKa+log(A-/AH)
Ka^=acide fort
18
Q

Tampons

A

Trouver concentration finale en base conj (A-),en acide (HA)

Pka=H.A-/HA

19
Q

Importance du pH

A
  • restreint activite des enzymes
  • affecte rx chimiques
  • change charge des proteines