Introduction

Question 1

Monism

Answer 1

Idea that the universe consists of only one type of being because mental activity and certain types of brain activity are inseparable.

Question 2

Dualism

Answer 2

Idea that minds are one type of being and matter is another

Question 3

Psychological explanation

Answer 3

Relates a behavior to activity in the brain and other organs

Question 4

Ontogenetic explanation

Answer 4

Describes how a structure or behavior develops, including the influence of genes, nutrition, experiences, and their interactions

Question 5

Evolutionary explanation

Answer 5

Reconstructs the evolutionary history of a structure or behavior

Question 6

Functional Explanation

Answer 6

Describes why a structure or behavior evolved as it did

Question 7

4 reasons researchers use non humans when they want to learn about humans

Answer 7

1) underlying mechanisms of behavior are similar acros species and sometimes easier to study in a non human species
2) interest in animals for their own sake
3) sheds light on evolution
4) legal or ethical restrictions prevent certain kinds of research on humans

Question 8

Legal standard of ethical research (3 r’s)

Answer 8

1) reduction of animal numbers
2) replacement of animals when possible
3) refinement of pain or injury