Introduction

Question 1

What are the four levels of variables?

Answer 1

Nominal - categories
Ordinal - groups that can be graded
Interval - differences between groups equal
Ratio - has an absolute zero

Question 2

Laws are:

a. Statements that summarize findings
b. Aim to relate a group of laws together
c. Enable new predictions and provide good teaching devices
d. Generation of hypothesis

Answer 2

a.

Question 3

Theories are:

a. Statements that summarize findings
b. Aim to relate a group of laws together
c. Enable new predictions and provide good teaching devices
d. Generation of hypothesis

Answer 3

b.

Question 4

Models are:

a. Statements that summarize findings
b. Aim to relate a group of laws together
c. Enable new predictions and provide good teaching devices
d. Generation of hypothesis

Answer 4

c.

Question 5

What is habituation and sensitisation?

Answer 5

Getting use to a novel stimulus.

Question 6

What is not an orienting response:

a. turning head
b. slowing of heart rate
c. dilation of pupils
d. attention to stimulus

Answer 6

c.

Question 7

What habituation trials lead to an reemergence of the orienting response?

a. Once a child has been habituated to a novel toy a new toy is introduced.
b. Once a child has been habituated to a novel movement a new possible movement is introduced.
c. Once a child has been habituated to a novel movement a new impossible movement is introduced.
d. a and c

Answer 7

d.

Question 8

Is habituation adaptive?

Answer 8

Yes

Question 9

Is habituation an example of associative learning?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

What is associative learning?

Answer 10

Connecting stimuli with each other and behaviour

Question 11

Associative learning is important because:

a. helps avoid danger
b. helps find food
c. helps to learn emotional responses.
d. all of the above

Answer 11

d.

Question 12

What change in behaviour is due to associative learning?

a. habituation
b. innate response tendencies (eg reflexes, taxes)
c. maturation (unaffected by practise)
d. phobias

Answer 12

d.

Question 13

What change in behaviour is due to associative learning?

a. addictions
b. changes due to evolution
c. changes due to physiological state
d. fatigue

Answer 13

a.

Question 14

Which psychologist is not associated with behaviorism?

a. Piaget
b. Skinner
c. Chomsky
d. Tolman

Answer 14

c. He argues language can not be explained by behaviourism

Question 15

Argument for behaviourism

Answer 15

Can’t measure introspection, only observable actions.

Question 16

What is key argument of ethology and who is the key representative.

Answer 16

Critical periods of learning. Lorenz and his ducks.

Question 17

What is not a key approach to studying the mind in cognitive psychology?

a. experiments
b. neuroscientific investigations
c. Introspection
d. modeling
e. comparative

Answer 17

c. cant be accurately measured

Question 18

What is low cognition?

Answer 18

Input from senses eg visual and auditory

Question 19

What is high cognition?

Answer 19

Imagery and language. Abstract and conceptual ideas.

Question 20

Cognitivists arguments against behaviorism.

Answer 20

1. Ignore mental processes such as memory, imagery and attention
2. Assumed every one is equal and so could not explain different learning within individual and across species.

Question 21

Behaviorist arguments against cognition.

Answer 21

1. Made inferences about mental constructs
2. Make no reference to physiology.
3. Ignore emotion and motivation.

Question 22

What is Taba Rase

Answer 22

Blank state