Introduction

Question 1

WHO?

Answer 1

World Health Organization

Question 2

Name 5 parasitic diseases which are most harmful?

Answer 2

Malaria, Trypanosomiasis, Onchocerciasis, Leishmaniasis, & Schistosomiasis

Question 3

How many people have malaria?

Answer 3

489 million

Question 4

What percentage of the world suffers from consequences of parasitic infections?

Answer 4

25%

Question 5

What is parasitology?

Answer 5

study of a particular relationship among certain species

Question 6

Symbiosis

Answer 6

“living together” generally refers to a positive relationship

Question 7

Mutualism

Answer 7

usually an obligatory relationship in which both organisms benefit

Question 8

Commensalism

Answer 8

usually not obligatory, but its a relationship in which one species benefits & the other doesn’t benefit nor become harmed

Question 9

parasitism

Answer 9

relationship in which one species of organism lives on/ within another organism, with the parasite living at the expense of the host & often causing harm to host

Question 10

The extent of parasitic harm is in result of several factors such as:

Answer 10

age, immunocompetence, # of organisms, location of parasite, & nutritional status of host

Question 11

endoparasite

Answer 11

an organism that lives inside the host (Entamoeba histolytica)

Question 12

ectoparasite

Answer 12

an organism that lives on or in the skin (tick)

Question 13

facultative

Answer 13

usually a free-living organism that can become parasitic (Naegleria fowleri)

Question 14

accidental

Answer 14

those organisms that normally live in or on a host other than humans, many may or may not cause symptoms (dog/cat hookworm)

Question 15

incidental

Answer 15

also referred to accidental parasite

Question 16

definitive

Answer 16

a host in which the parasite reaches sexual or reproductive maturity (Ascaries lumbricoides)

Question 17

Intermediate

Answer 17

a host that harbors the asexual reproductive stage (Fasciolopsis buski)

Question 18

Transport

Answer 18

a host that harbors a parasite that does not reproduce but merely goes on to infect a new host (house fly), transport host which travels through the air are also referred to as Arbor Vectors

Question 19

Reservoir

Answer 19

may harbor a parasite that is also infective to humans (Bush Buck Antelope or Borrelia burgdorferi, Lyme disease)

Question 20

Sources of infection:

Answer 20

water, airborne, plants & animals

Question 21

modes of transmission:

Answer 21

skin penetration & oral

Question 22

What is the major source of resistance for parasites?

Answer 22

skin

Question 23

Duffy blood group determinants & the RBC are closely associated with what type of parasite?

Answer 23

Plasmodium vivax