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Environmental Health > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

0
Q

Concern of environmental engineering

A

Protection of environment from human modification and exploitation

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1
Q

Prevent erosion

A

Trees

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2
Q

Environmental hazards

A 
Site and location
Biological
Chemical
Physical
Psychological/sociological
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3
Q

Solar energy emits heat energy which produces electricity

A

Non-nutritive

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4
Q

Distribution of gases in the atmosphere

A

21% oxygen
78% nitrogen
1% inert gases

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5
Q

Source of energy for consumers

A

Glucose

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6
Q

Relationship of trees and organisms

A

Symbiotic

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7
Q

Effect of cutting trees

A

No more carbon sink

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8
Q

Effect of global warming in the North Pole

A

Green spot

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9
Q

Percent surface water

A

0.28%

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10
Q

Aspect of engineering concerned with protection of human population from adverse environmental factors

A

Environmental health engineering

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11
Q

Fundamentals of Environmental Health

A

Environmental system
Principles of environmental health
Emerging environmental health problems
Areas of environmental health concern

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12
Q

Irreversible chloride content

A

11,000 mg/L

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13
Q

pH of pure water

A

< 7

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15
Q

Regulate seepage of water into the ground

A

Leaves

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16
Q

Aspect of public health concerned with forms of life, substances, forces, and conditions surrounding man which influence their health and development

A

Environmental health

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17
Q

Number of river systems

A

421

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18
Q

Seawater infiltrating the ground water is known as ______

A

Seawater intrusion

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21
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

Carbon dioxide + water + heat —–> glucose + oxygen

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22
Q

Quality: groundwater vs surface water

A

Groundwater quality is better than surface water quality

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23
Q

Anything constructed by man

A

Built environment

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24
Q

Steps in water cycle

A

Evaporation/transpiration
Condensation
Precipitation
Groundwater Run-off

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25
Q

Sum total of an organism’s external conditions and influences which affect its life, development, and survival

A

Environment

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25
Q

Residues and wastes

A

Solid
Gaseous
Liquid

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25
Q

Aquifer

A

Water-bearing strata

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26
Q

Treatment

A

Destruction
Conversion of harmful substances to less harmful ones
Removal of harmful substances
Dispersion and dilution of pollutants

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27
Q

Function of land/soil

A

Platform for activities of human society or land-based animals
Provides water, nutrients, and anchorage for plants and trees
Provides habitat for decomposers
Acts as purifying filter on water-containing dissolved and colloidal constituents
Where built environment is constructed
Source of different minerals

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29
Q

Human activities

A

Residential
Work
Recreation
Transportation

31
Q

Water resources

A 
Marine
Rivers
Lakes
Wetlands
Groundwater
Rainfall
32
Q

What is the ability of an individual to adapt to change?

A

Social support system

32
Q

Percent distribution of water

A
  1. 6% ocean/seawater
  2. 07% ice/snow
  3. 61% freshwater
33
Q

Water use in the Philippines

A
  1. 6% agriculture
  2. 3% industry
  3. 1% domestic
33
Q

Largest Philippine river

A

Cagayan River

34
Q

Percent groundwater

A

0.33%

34
Q

Number of natural lakes

A

72

35
Q

Largest lake on the Philippines

A

Laguna de Bay

36
Q

Largest lake in Mindanao

A

Lanao Lake

37
Q

14% of total water resource potential of the country

A

14%

39
Q

Life-support systems

A

Energy
Social
Built environment
Geophysical

40
Q

Average tropical cyclones per year

A

11

41
Q

Differences between groundwater and surface water

A

Extraction cost

Treatment

42
Q

What is leachate?

A

All dissolves materials and microorganisms in trash

43
Q

Gas produced by organic matter

A

Biogas/methane gas

44
Q

Natural hazards

A

Site and location hazards

45
Q

Effects of illegal logging

A

Erosion and landslides

Global warming

46
Q

WHO Particulate Matter Standard

A

90 mcg/L

47
Q

Separation by distance

A

Isolation

48
Q

Acid rain

A

Nitrogen oxide + sulfur oxide + vapor

49
Q

Second leading morbidity affecting all ages

A

Diarrhea

50
Q

Biologically dead rivers have

A

No oxygen

No aquatic organisms/species

52
Q

Increased growth of algae

A

Eutrophication

53
Q

Critical areas of water pollution

A

Metro Manila
Southern Tagalog
Central Luzon

54
Q

Emerging environmental health problems

A 
Access to safe water supply
Disposal of human waste
Disposal of solid waste
Disposal of hazardous and toxic waste
Air pollution
Use of persistent chemicals
Rapid urbanization
55
Q

Psychological/sociological hazards

A 
Noise, overcrowding
Lack of privacy
Lack of opportunity for social interaction
Lack of open space
Boredom
Stress from work, traffic
57
Q

Prevention

A

Restriction of activities
Immunization against diseases
Use of prophylactic agents

58
Q

Biochemical Oxygen Demand

A

Amount of oxygen required to stabilize organic matter

59
Q 
Water-related diseases
Diarrhea
Schistosomiasis
Minamata disease
Dengue
Trachoma
Enterobiasis
Methemoglobinemia
Clonorchiasis
Filaria
Cholera
Malaria
Scabies
Fasciolopsiasis
Ascariasis
Botulism
Hepatitis A
Trichuriasis
A 
Water-borne
Water-based
Water-borne
Water insect-related
Water-washed
Water insect-related
Water-borne
Water insect-related
Water-washed
Water-based
Water-washed
Water-borne
Water-based
Water-washed
Water-borne
Water-insect related
Water-washed
Water-borne
Water-borne
Water-washed
59
Q

Principles of environmental control

A 
Isolation
Substitution
Shielding
Prevention
Treatment
61
Q

Sources of wastewater

A

Domestic
Industrial
Storm water
Agricultural runoff

61
Q

Substitution

A

Use of alternative materials, processes, and operations to prevent ergonomic problems

62
Q

Effect of plastic products in bodies of water

A

Flooding
Fish kill
Death of corals

62
Q

Use of barrier/protection to prevent entry of hazard

A

Shielding

63
Q

Relationship of BOD and pollution

A

Inverse

63
Q 
Type of treatment
Biofiltration
Incineration
Autoclave
Organic matter to compost
Disinfection
Chlorination
A 
Removal of harmful substances
Destruction
Destruction
Conversion of harmful substances to less harmful ones
Destruction
Destruction
64
Q

Caused by ingestion of contaminated water present with chemicals and pathogenic organisms

A

Water-borne diseases

65
Q

Cause water-washed diseases

A

Unavailability of water resorting to usage of unsafe sources of water

66
Q

Cause of water-based diseases

A

Unhygienic disposal of human waste which can cause the spread of parasites

67
Q

Caused by insects that use contaminated water as breeding grounds

A

Water insect-related diseases

Environmental Health (2 decks)

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