Introduction

Question 1

The continued growth of plants and animals depends on the maintenance of the balance between producers and consumers

Hence, the growth of an animal population could introduce an imbalance in the ecosystem that could deplete ________________.

Answer 1

vegatation

Question 2

plants produce __________ via photosynthetic activity

Answer 2

carbohydrates [energy]

Question 3

plants produce protein food via _______________

Answer 3

nitrogen fixation

Question 4

True or False:
Animals return the exact amount of nutrients they obtained from plants back to the soil, then eventually back to the plants

Answer 4

False, animals return part of the nutrients back to plants but with less energy due to energy dissipation

Question 5

True or False:
Animals are relatively inefficient in the production of food

Answer 5

True, but they still play an important role in food production

Question 6

Role of animals in food production

Answer 6

consume biomass waste and food processing by-products and convert them into highly concentrated protein food that humans can consume

Question 7

What is the fastest growing sub-sector in agriculture in the world?

Answer 7

livestock and poultry

Question 8

Demand for livestock and poultry will double in sub Saharan and Asian countries in the future

Why?

Answer 8

1. rapidly increasing income
2. urbanization
3. population growth
4. trade liberalization

Question 9

What is the significance of studying animal science?

Answer 9

In animal science, the challenge is to meet the demand of the human population for food and other essential products from animals which is safe and of good quality in the most economical and efficient system of prodution without endangering our environment

Question 10

Vocabulary
a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment

Answer 10

ecosystem

Question 11

Vocabulary
the organic matter that results from living or from recently living organisms that can be used as fuel

Clue: [In the context of animal science] considering a single rice plant, the entire plant is considered this but only a small part is considered edible for humans while the rest are highly cellulosic straws which can only be consumed as feed for animals like cattle and carabaos

Answer 11

biomass

Question 12

Vocabulary
any mammal of the suborder Ruminantia; most of these mammals have a four-chambered stomach and two-toed feet and the upper incisors are reduced or sometimes absent

Clue: examples include giraffe, deer, cattle, sheep, goat, and carabao

Answer 12

ruminant

Question 13

Vocabulary
the removal or reduction of restrictions or barriers on the free exchange of goods between nations

Answer 13

trade liberalization

Question 14

________ directly or indirectly consume plants for their energy, growth, and reproduction

Answer 14

animals

Question 15

animals that feed only on plants

Answer 15

herbivores

Question 16

animals that feed only on other animals

Answer 16

carnivores

Question 17

animals that feed on both plants and animals

Clue: e.g. man

Answer 17

omnivore

Question 18

True or False:

Animals can be a source of food energy for man

Answer 18

True, but due to the dissipation of energy in the process of conversion of plants and other feedstuff into products, animals are poor producers of food

Question 19

when animals are produced in a pastoral sytsem and the regrowth of vegetation is left entirely to nature, the land could easily be ____________ as vegetation is not given the opportunity to recover its normal growth

Clue: in many parts of the world, what used to be areas of lush vegetation have become deserts

Answer 19

over-grazed

Question 20

Vocabulary:

a form of animal husbandry where livestock are released onto pastures for grazing

Bonus: what does livestock, pastures, and grazing means?

Answer 20

pastoralism; pastoral system

livestock - domesticated animals
pastures - vegetated outdoor lands
grazing - (of an animal) eating grass in a field

Question 21

types of animals that could feed on biomass waste and food processing by-products

Answer 21

ruminants

Question 22

Aside from food, what can domestic animals provide?

Answer 22

1. materials
2. animal power
3. man’s amusement and companionship

Question 23

True or False:

Food from plants may contain protein

Answer 23

True, but their chemical composition is quite different from that of man

Question 24

Possible uses for mammals

Answer 24

1. traction
2. transport
3. meat
4. milk
5. hair (wool)
6. skin/hide
7. amusement and companionship

Question 25

Possible uses for birds

Answer 25

1. meat
2. eggs
3. amusement and companionship

Question 26

True or False

Meat production has declined rapidly over the past 50 years

Answer 26

False, meat production has increased rapidly

Question 27

Regionally, who is the largest meat producer?

Answer 27

Asia

Question 28

True or False:

In the Philippines, the livestock industry at the present principally produces carabao, cattle, hogs, and chicken

Other livestock species like goats and ducks are not raised in the Philippines that’s why it does not contribute sigificantly to the protein supply of the country

Answer 28

False, goats and ducks and other livestock species are being raised in all parts of the Philippines but does not contribute significantly to the protein supply of the country

Question 29

Total domestic production:
______ 47%
______ 42%
______ 8%

a. cattle
b. hogs
c. carabao
d. chickens

Answer 29

47% hogs
42% chickens
8% carabao and cattles

Question 30

Multiple Choice:

Hogs and chicken production system depend heavily on _______ and mostly located ________.

a. commercially mixed feeds
b. grass and roughages

a. close to urban centers
b. in smallholder farms in rural areas

Answer 30

a & a

Question 31

_________ subsist mainly on grassed and roughages and are mainly raised by small holder farmers in rural areas

chicken, cattles, carabaos, hogs, goats?

Answer 31

cattles, carabaos, and goats

Question 32

the science which studies the functions of the living organisms and its parts, the physical and chemical factors, and processes involved

Answer 32

physiology

Question 33

what is physiology studying?

Clue: breakdown the definition of physiology

Answer 33

1. function of the living organisms and its parts (how cells, tissues, and organs function)
2. the physical and chemical factors
3. processes involved
   *4. the care of the body

Question 34

the maintenance of static or constant conditions in the internal environment

Answer 34

homeostasis

Question 35

the father of physiology

Answer 35

Claude Bernard

Question 36

a property of either an open or a closed system [in the subject’s context: a living organism (closed)] that regulates its internal environment so as to maintain a stable, constant conditon

Answer 36

homeostasis

Question 37

definition of homeostasis

Answer 37

two possible answers:

• the maintenance of static or constant conditions in the internal environment
• a property of either an open system or a closed system [e.g. living organism] that regulates its internal environment so as to maintain a stable, constant condition

Question 38

there is a coordination of all the cells of the body, thus the different organ systems and their functions, working together like parts of a machine to achieve _____________

Answer 38

homeostasis

Question 39

homeostasis came from Greek words [homos] and [istemi]

What does these words mean?

bonus: What is the rough english translation of homeostasis from [homos] and [istemi]?

Answer 39

[homos] “equal”; [istemi] “to stand”

to stand equally

Question 40

Who coined the term “homeostasis”?

Answer 40

Walter Bradford Cannon