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Geriatrics > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

Aging

A

“old” is 65 years old- where someone qualifies for retirement benefits
-some define old based on functional abilities

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2
Q

biological aging

A

based on cellular decline

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3
Q

sociological aging

A

based on changes in roles and relationships

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4
Q

psychological aging

A

based on aging as a developmental stage people go through

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5
Q

application of maslow

A

assure that individual’s basic needs are met first before addressing higher level needs

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6
Q

centenarians

A

people who live to 100

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7
Q

struggles of elderly women

A

-twice as likely to be poor
-pay inequity, occupational differences, caregiving responsibiliites, longer life expectancy, rising health care costs, work patterns= reduced pension, benefits, and savings

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8
Q

Co-morbidities

A

when an adult has multiple chronic conditions

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9
Q

leading causes of death among older adults

A

heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory diseases, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes

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10
Q

most common health concerns for noninstitutionalized older adults

A

arthritis and hypertension

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11
Q

ageism

A

prejudice against older adults

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12
Q

Instrument activities of daily living

A

paying bills, laundry, grocery shopping

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13
Q

aging in place

A

stay in own environment

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14
Q

acute care

A

-hospital
-acute condition with chronic issues (comorbidities)
-high acuity levels
-focus on acute problem, lose the health promotion/ prevention aspect

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15
Q

dangers in acute care

A

drug reactions, falls, infection, overstimulation, immobility, confusion
-sepsis, nutritional status, complications from injuries

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16
Q

nursing care in acute care

A

-promotion of safety- environmental modifications
-assessment of baseline functioning
-goal: maximize independence, enhance functioning
-Teaching- realistic, at appropriate level
-involvement of family

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17
Q

After Acute Care

A

-promote continuity of care, successful transitions
-subacute care, rehab, assisted living, special care units, skilled, home care, home independent

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18
Q

subacute care

A

-patients are stable, but still acute
-dont need daily physician visits, high tech monitoring, or complex diagnostics
-services such as rehab, IV therapy, TPN, respiratory care, wound management
-different staffing level than a SNF
-step down from acute care

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19
Q

Rehabilitation Units

A

-can be located in hospital, subacute care, SNF
-goal is rehab and return to original place of residence
-therapy services
-medicare- funded facilities must have weekly meetings with the resident, family, and care team

20
Q

community based residential facility

A
  • a place where 5 or more unrelated people live together in a community setting
    -services provided include room and board, supervision, support, and may include up to 3 hours of nursing care per week
  • home setting things are more stable
21
Q

Residential Care Apartment Complexes

A

Independent apartment units in which the following services are provided: room and board, up to 28 hours per week of supportive care, personal care, and nursing services

22
Q

Adult Family Home

A

place where three or four adults who are not related to the operator reside and receive care, treatment or services that are above the level of room and board and that may include up to seven hours per week of nursing care per resident

23
Q

Skilled Nursing Facility

A

depends on individual’s physical/ cognitive needs, support system, community resources
-medical method vs. nursing model
-emphasis on quality of life and residents’ rights

24
Q

Resident Assessment instrument

A

ongoing comprehensive assessment of resident, focusing on functional abilities - minimum data set and resident assessment protocols

25
Q

RAI Completion

A

-specific deadlines for completion of the RAI- admission, annual, condition change, quarterly with abbreviated form
-Deadlines for RAI completion for Medicare A Patients- 5 or 14 days, 30, 60, and 90 days and with significant change
-RN and LPN can complete form, but only RN can sign
-can also have input from dietary, social work, therapists

26
Q

Home Care

A

-can be multiple services or just a few
-number of visits covered by medicare or other private insurance plans
-criteria- must have skilled care need (unable to perform care alone, no one available to help), person must be homebound, require only intermittent care.
-must have physician’s statement supporting the need for home care

27
Q

OASIS

A

-outcome and assessment information set
-Mandated by CMS for performance improvement in home care.
-Assessment monitoring tool for outcomes of homecare services
-results reported to regulatory agencies every 30 days

28
Q

community programs and services

A

senior centers, adult day care centers, respite care, homemaker services, nutrition services, Parish Nurse, personal emergency response systems

29
Q

Medicare

A

federal health insurance program
-not income

30
Q

Medicare Part A

A

coverage for inpatient hospital care, limited SNF or home health care (no cost)

31
Q

Medicare Part B

A

Medical insurance coverage- doctors’ appointments, diagnostics, therapies, some equipment and supplies (monthly premium)

32
Q

Medicare Part C

A

(Medicare Advantage Plans)- gap coverage (monthly premium)

33
Q

Medicare Part D

A

Medication Coverage (must have Part A and/ or B) (monthly premium)

34
Q

Medicaid

A

-combination of state and federal funds to pay for SNF
-certain criteria for eligibility: Maximum $2000 in assets

35
Q

Standards of Care

A

-guidelines for nursing practice
-come from professional organizations, state and federal laws
-accreditation through the joint commission- industry standards
-must also comply with organizational policies and procedures
common concerns- capacity to make own decisions, identify power of attorney (health or financial), conflict about care , disclosure of info, longterm care decisions, end of life decisions, fraud

36
Q

federal government

A

-social security act
-centers for medicare and medicaid services (cms)
-omnibus budget reconciliation act (OBRA)

37
Q

OBRA

A

-major reform of nursing facilities
-major parts- provision of services for nursing facilities, survey and certification process, enforcement of regulations
-resident empowerment
-focus on quality of life and residents’ rights

38
Q

Quality of care

A

-SNF
-physician evaluations
-Resident Assessments (MDS, RAPs)
-staffing: LPN 24/7, RN minimum of 8 hrs/day, 7 days/ week
-CNA regulations
(reduce antipsychotics, reduce restraint, reduce use of indwelling urinary catheter)

39
Q

Resident Rights

A

-resident bill of rights
-notification of resident rights orally and in writing
-prevention of involuntary transfer out of facility

40
Q

drugs and restraints

A

-freedom from unnecessary drugs
-guidelines for chemical and physical restraints
-drugs should not be used for environmental control
-antipsychotic drugs for certain conditions
-physical restraints only for certain medical conditions. Must have documentation

41
Q

Older Americans Act

A

-directs states to provide various services for older adults
-Ombudsmen - someone who is a spokesperson for residents in that facility

42
Q

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

A

HIPAA
-provisions deal with insurance coverage
-privacy regulations were included

43
Q

Abuse and Protective Services

A

-neglect
-abuse
(domestic- individual with special relationship)
(institutional- facility caregiver)
(self-abuse)
-exploitation
-mistreatment

44
Q

elder abuse

A

physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, financial and material exploitation, neglect, abandonment, self-neglect

45
Q

Autonomy and Self-Determination

A

-right to informed consent
-right to make decisions about body and healthcare
-living wills
-advanced directives
-do not resuscitate orders

Geriatrics (2 decks)

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