Introduction

Question 1

Trace Elements

Answer 1

Chemical elements present in minute amounts in the environment

Question 2

Monomer

Answer 2

A molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer

Question 3

Amino Acid

Answer 3

Monomer of proteins

-contains an amino and carboxyl group

Question 4

Monosaccharide

Answer 4

Simple sugars

-e.g. glucose

Question 5

Carbohydrate

Answer 5

A molecule consisting of CHO

Question 6

Nucleotide

Answer 6

Consists of a nucleoside and a phosphate group

The basic structural unit of nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)

Question 7

Lipid

Answer 7

Non-polar hydrocarbons

Question 8

Residue

Answer 8

Monomer minus water

Question 9

Peptide Bond

Answer 9

Covalent bond linking two amino acids together

Question 10

Glycosidic Bond

Answer 10

Covalent bond linking two monosaccharides together

Question 11

Phosphodiester Bond

Answer 11

Covalent bond linking two nucleotides together

Question 12

Electrostatic Interactions

Answer 12

The attractive and repulsive interactions between charged molecules

Question 13

Van der Waals Radius

Answer 13

The radius of an imaginary hard-sphere represents the distance of the closest approach for another atom

Question 14

Electronegativity

Answer 14

The tendency for an atom to attract shared electrons when forming a bond

Question 15

Dipole Interactions

Answer 15

Attractive forces between polar non-charged groups

Question 16

LDF

Answer 16

Attractive forces between nonpolar molecules

Question 17

Hydrophilic

Answer 17

Water-loving

Question 18

Hydrophobic

Answer 18

Water-hating

Question 19

Amphipathic

Answer 19

Polar and nonpolar components on a molecule

Question 20

Monomer of Proteins

Answer 20

Amino acids

Question 21

Function of Proteins

Answer 21

Literally everything

Question 22

Elements Present in Proteins

Answer 22

CHON

Question 23

Bond in Proteins

Answer 23

Peptide Bond

Question 24

Monomer of Nucleic Acids

Answer 24

Nucleoside

Question 25

Function of Nucleic Acids

Answer 25

Storage and expression of genetic information

Question 26

Elements Present in Nucleic Acids

Answer 26

CHONP

Question 27

Bond in Nucleic Acids

Answer 27

Phosphodiester

Question 28

Monomer of Polysaccharide

Answer 28

Monosaccharides

Question 29

Function of Polysaccharides

Answer 29

Energy and storage

Question 30

Elements Present in Polysaccharides

Answer 30

CHO

Question 31

Bond in Polysaccharides

Answer 31

Glycosidic

Question 32

Monomer of Lipids

Answer 32

No true monomer

Question 33

Function of Lipids

Answer 33

Energy reserve, regulate hormones, signalling, membranes

Question 34

Elements in Lipids

Answer 34

CHOPSN

Question 35

Bond in Lipids

Answer 35

Covalent bonding

Question 36

Electrostatic Forces that Act on Biological Molecules

Answer 36

``` Ionic interactions Hydrogen bonds Van der Waals -dipole-dipole interactions -London dispersion forces ```

Question 37

Is Dipole-Dipole or LDF stronger?

Answer 37

Dipole-dipole

Question 38

Hydrophobic Effect

Answer 38

Water forms a "cage" around nonpolar molecules Nonpolar compounds tend to associate with each other in aqueous environments -reduces the amount of surface area exposed to water, increasing the entropy of the water