Introduction Flashcards
Types of skin disorders?
- Disorders of keratinisation
- Disorders of collagen
- Tumours, growths
- Viral, bacterial, fungal
- Allergic reactions/ Drug reactions
- Immunology, UV
- Scarring
Questions to ask in a derm case Hx
- Site or distribution
- Onset and appearance
- Character- itch, weep bleed
- Past history
- Family history
- Occupational history/ hobbies
- Drug history
- Aggravating factors
Why is asking derm questions is important in osteopathy?
- Infection risk to you or your other patients
- May be life saving
- May be painful for patient for you to touch
Hyperpigmentation - when can it be present? Which kind of conditions?
Ex: Addison’s disease, drug side effects, pregnancy
When is café au lait marks associated with a condition?
➤ If more than 6
What is butterfly rash associated with?
➤ Rosacea, stress, lupus
What is acanthosis associated with?
➤ obesity, diabetes
Acne + hirsutism = ?
PCOS
Language of dermatology - criteria?
- Size
- Form ➤ regular, irregular
- Borders ➤ sharp, diffuse
- Arrangement ➤ disseminated, grouped, confluent
- Extension ➤ localised & regional, generalised & universal
What is a macule?
Small flat, circumscribed area of discoloration
What is a patch?
Large macule >2cm
What is a purpura?
Extravasation of blood into the skin causing macules or papules (about 2 mm Ø) larger spots are called ecchymoses
What is telengiectasia?
A visible dilatation of a small cutaneous blood vessel
What is a papule?
A circumscribed, palpable elevation of the skin <1 cm
What is a plaque?
A circumscribed, palpable elevation of the skin >1 cm
What is a nodule?
A circumscribed, palpable area of the skin which is > 0.5 cm , AND is either in part, or wholly in the dermis
What is a vesicle?
A visible accumulation of fluid beneath the epidermis (<0.5 cm)
What is a bulla?
A large vesicle, (>0.5 cm)
What is a pustule?
A visible accumulation of pus
= infected vesicle
What is a wheal?
Circumscribed oedematous plaque
What is a ulcer?
Loss of epidermis and part, or whole of the dermis
What is a stria?
Streak-like, linear, atrophic (pink, purple or white) lesions caused by stretching of the skin
What is a keloid?
Scar/ benign growth that extends beyond the boundary of the original injury
What is a hypertrophic scar?
Scar that is raised, unusual pigment, abnormal sensation often associated with burn injuries
