Introducing Psychology

Question 1

Outline The Monster Study (1939)

Answer 1

• Aim; To investigate if stuttering was a result of biological or environmental factors.
• 1) 22 orphan children, 5-15 years allocated to 2 conditions: Positive and Negative learning environments.
• Children were humiliated and corrected vs nurtured and encouraged, affecting C1 for life, undue stress or harm.

Question 2

Outline the Marshmallow Study by Mischel et al (1972)

Answer 2

• Carried out a study on delayed gratification in children.
• 1) 93 children, 3-5
  2) Led into an empty room where they would have a treat placed on the table and told that they might eat the treat, but if they waited 15min they could be given a 2nd treat.
  3) Some of the children ate the marshmallow immediately, age was a major factor in predicting the child’s ability to delay gratification.