Intro to Zoonoses Flashcards
What are Anthroponoses?
Diseases that people get from other people, and humans serve as the reservoir.
Even if animal-derived food is the vehicle.
What are some examples of the “cost” of zoonotic diseases?
Cost of human health
- Lost productivity
- Loss of life (YPLL)
Economic cost
- Cost of prophylaxis and treatment
- Cost of import/export restrictions
- Lost trade and tourism
How do people commonly acquire zoonotic diseases?
Pets, Farms, County/State Fairs, Pet stores, Nature parks, Child-care facilities, etc
What people are most at risk of getting a zoonotic disease?
- Occupational personel - Vets, farmers, zoo workers
- Children, elderly
- Pregnant or Immune-compromised
- Anyone CAN get infected!!!
What types of social changes affect zoonoses?
- Changes in small animal ownership and pet “status”
- Changes in exotic animal ownership
- Changes in food animal production
- Changes in global trade and travel
How can Veterinary staff make a difference in transmission of zoonoses?
- Surveillance - animals are sentinels
- Preventions and control - educate owners and minimize animal reservoirs
- Occupational safety measures - protect self and staff from daily exposure to zoonotic diseases
How many known pathogens are zoonotic?
Over 800!
Bacterial, Viral, Fungal, Prions, Protozoan, Helminths, and Ectoparasites
Why des each kind of veterinary medicine have unique risks for zoonotic diseases?
- Every animal species is associated with some zoonotic disease(s)
- Different diseases are more commonly found in specific species
What type of life cycles exist for zoonotic pathogens?
- Some can be perpetuated in nature by a single vertebrate species
- Some require more than one vertebrate species
- Some require a combo of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts (All vector-transmitted pathogens)
