intro to virology

Question 1

All DNA viruses are double-stranded except

for

Answer 1

parvoviruses (they have have ssDNA)

Question 2

All RNA viruses are single-stranded except

Answer 2

dsRNA reoviruses

Question 3

Most DNA viruses are budded off the

Answer 3

nucleus

Question 4

Most RNA viruses multiply in and are released

from the

Answer 4

cytoplasm

Question 5

Viral infections range from _______ to life threatening

Answer 5

asymptomatic

Question 6

Course of viral disease

Answer 6

invasion at portal of entry
and primary infection; some viruses replicate locally,
others enter the circulation and infect other tissues

Question 7

Common manifestations

Answer 7

rashes, fever, muscle aches,

respiratory involvement, swollen lymph nodes

Question 8

Body defenses

Answer 8

combined action of interferon,
antibodies, and cytotoxic T cells; frequently results
in lifelong immunity

Question 9

2 types of persistent infections:

Answer 9

chronic infection and latent infections

Question 10

Chronic infections

Answer 10

virus is detectable in tissue
samples, multiplying at a slow rate; symptoms mild or
absent

Question 11

Latent infections

Answer 11

after a lytic cycle, virus enters a
dormant phase; generally not detectable, no symptoms;
can reactivate and result in recurrent infections

Question 12

Animal viruses are categorized according to

Answer 12

nucleic acid, capsid, and presence or

absence of envelope

Question 13

__ DNA families, __ RNA families

Answer 13

7,14

Question 14

DNA viruses causing human disease

Answer 14

-Enveloped DNA viruses
– Nonenveloped DNA viruses
– Nonenveloped ssDNA viruses

Question 15

enveloped dna viruses examples

Answer 15

poxviruses,herpesviruses,hepadnaviruses

Question 16

poxviruses

Answer 16

-Produce eruptive skin pustules called pocks or pox,
that leave scars
• Largest and most complex animal viruses
• Have the largest genome of all viruses
• dsDNA
• Multiply in cytoplasm in factory areas
• Specificity for cytoplasm of epidermal cells and
subcutaneous connective tissues

Question 17

smallpox

Answer 17

• First disease to be eliminated by vaccination
• Exposure through inhalation or skin contact
• Infection associated with fever, malaise,
prostration, and a rash
– Variola major – highly virulent, caused toxemia, shock,
and intravascular coagulation
– Variola minor – less virulent

Question 18

Molluscum Contagiosum

Answer 18

in endemic areas, primarily an infection of children.
in US,most commonly a STD.
-Lesions are small, smooth macules in genital area
and thighs
-AIDS patients suffer an atypical form which
attacks the skin of the face and forms tumor-like
growths

Question 19

treatment for molluscum contagiosum

Answer 19

: freezing, electric cautery, chemical

agents

Question 20

Monkeypox in humans

Answer 20

skin pocks, fever,

swollen lymph nodes

Question 21

Cowpox in humans

Answer 21

rare, usually confined to

hands; other cutaneous sites can be involved