Intro to Syntax, Semantics + Pragmatics

Question 1

Syntax involves the ____ of words that create a grammatical sentence/phrase.

Answer 1

string

Question 2

In a given language, who usually makes the ‘call’ for grammatical judgements

Answer 2

The speakers that have the language as their FIRST language

Question 3

What is the issue with the sentence : Berlin heaved great giraffe legs through stars.

Answer 3

Syntactically it makes sense, semantically it doesn’t really make sense

Question 4

True or False : Subject-Object Verb languages make up 44% of languages

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What is a linguistic argument?

Answer 5

An expression that requires another linguistic expression to follow (Sally told POLLY SHE’S LEAVING - you can’t just say ‘sally told’)

Question 6

What is an adjuncts? (hint : think adjacent, or that a sentence is full of junk)

Answer 6

Linguistic expressions that are optional

Question 7

What is agreement?

Answer 7

The alignment of grammatical features that attach info about number, person and linguistic gender (The appleS fall - plural)

Question 8

Aphasia is a speech language disorder that is caused by ____ to the ____

Answer 8

damage; brain

Question 9

Type of Aphasia that affects SEMANTICS

Answer 9

Wernicke’s Aphasia (they usually swap semantically related terms)

Question 10

What are truth conditions?

Answer 10

conditions that must hold in the world for a proposition to be true

Question 11

What are the elements governing CONTEXT (3)?

Answer 11

1. The PRECEDING linguistic context
2. The SITUATIONAL context
3. The SOCIAL context

Question 12

True or false : an utterance that is felicitous is not contextually appropriate

Answer 12

False, it would be infelicitous

Question 13

What is the rough chain of LARGE elements of language (prag, syn. etc)

Answer 13

Phonetics –> Phonology –> Morphology –> Syntax –> Semantics –> Pragmatics