Intro to Sociology Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Social Stratification

A

A stystem where categories of people are ranked in a hierarchy.

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2
Q

4 Major Characteristics of Social Stratification

A
  1. Society (Pre-established)
  2. Universal & Variable (Everywhere)
  3. Persists over generations (Children same as parents)
  4. Supported by patterns and beliefs
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3
Q

Social Mobility

A

Changes in the social position within the system’s social stratification.

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4
Q

Closed System has No Social mobility

A

Caste (ascribed status)

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5
Q

Open systm has mobility

A

(Class) Individual achievement

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6
Q

4 Causes of Social Inequality

A
  1. Economic Resources & Power (Money)
  2. Occupational Prestige - White Collar & Blue Collar
  3. Formal Education
  4. Ascription - Ancestry, Race, Sex, Religion WASP
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7
Q

Status Inconsistency

A

Different identites in different categories

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8
Q

Racial Groups

A

(Biological) Group classified by obvious physical differences.

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9
Q

Ethnic Groups

A

(Cuiltural) Set apart from other groups because of either national origin or disctintive cultural patterns

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10
Q

Minority Groups

A

Socially disadvantaged group (Lack of Power)

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11
Q

5 Characteristics of minority groups

A
  1. Distinguishing physical or cultural trait.
  2. Involuntary Membership
  3. In-group marriage
  4. Awareness of Subordination
  5. Unequal Treatment
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12
Q

Discrimination

A

(Action or Behavior) Unequal treatment of a category of people.

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13
Q

Prejudice

A

(Attitude) An unfounded attitude to a category of people.

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14
Q

5 Causes of Prejudice & Discrimination

A

1 Exploitation Theory (Self-Justification)

  1. Scapegoating Theory (Frustration)
  2. Authoriatrian Personality
  3. Competition (Especially Economic Competition)
  4. Cultural Transmission Theory (Socialization)
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15
Q

Exploitation Theory

A

Prejudie is often used to justify keeping a group in a subordinate position (taking countries)

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16
Q

Scapegoating Theory

A

Taking your frustration out on a minority group

17
Q

Authoritarian personality

A

Strict obedience to authority

18
Q

Competition

A

Prejudice & Discrimination increases stongly when there’s competition for a limited amount ofjobs.

19
Q

Cultural Transmission Theory

A

Prejudice is culturally transmitted (subltly learned)

20
Q

Unprejudiced / Non-Discriminator

A

Active Liberal

21
Q

Unprejudiced / Discriminator

A

Reluctant Liberal

22
Q

Prejudiced / Non-Discriminator

A

Timid Bigot

23
Q

Prejudiced / Discriminator

A

Active Bigot

24
Q

Gender Roles

A

Rights and obligations assigned to each gender in a particular culture

25
Females
Express personality traites (emotional, caring, nurturing)
26
Males
Instrumental Peronsality Traits (Direct, Aggressive, Strong-Willed, insensitive)
27
3 Learning Traits
1. Social Learning Theory 2. Modeling Theory 3. Cognitive Development Theory
28
Social Learning Theory
We learn through positive reinforcements & rewards
29
Modeling Theory
Kids will model their behavior after another person
30
Cognitive Development Theory
Once kids learn what gender they are, they actively pursue behaviors associated with that gender.
31
Androgyny
having Characteristics of both sexes
32
Monogamy
One Wife
33
Polygamy
Multiple Wives
34
Nuclear Family
Husband, Wife, 2 kids
35
Extended Family
Nuclear + parents, cousin, etc...
36
Blended Family
Stepfamily