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BDS2 RPD > Intro to RPD > Flashcards

Intro to RPD Flashcards

1
Q

Why do patient’s have missing teeth? (6 points)

A
  • Caries
  • Periodontal disease
  • Endodontic infection
  • Trauma
  • Cancer
  • Congenitally absent (hypodontia)
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2
Q

What are the 4 main categories of the consequences of missing teeth?

A
  • Anatomical
  • Aesthetic
  • functional
  • Psychological
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3
Q

What are the extra-oral anatomical consequences of missing teeth? (2 points)

A
  • Change in facial appearance

- TMJ problems

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4
Q

What are the intra-oral anatomical consequences of missing teeth? (3 points)

A
  • Alveolar resorption
  • Tooth movement
  • Tooth wear
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5
Q

What is the aesthetic consequence of missing teeth?

A
  • Loss of hard and soft tissues which support the face
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6
Q

What are the functional consequences of missing teeth? (2 points)

A
  • Makes mastication and speech more difficult
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7
Q

What is the psychological consequence of missing teeth?

A
  • Depression
  • Some people cannot cope with the denture despite how well it is made as they cannot get over the emotional aspect of loosing teeth
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8
Q

How can we replace missing teeth? (7 points)

A
  • resin bonded bridgework
  • Conventional bridgework
  • Implant crowns
  • Implant bridgework
  • Removable partial dentures
  • Complete dentures
  • Implant retained dentures
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9
Q

Resin bonded bridgework has many different designs? Name 2 of them?

A
  • Mesial Cantilever

- Fixed-fixed

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10
Q

What is a mesial cantilever resin bonded bridgework?

A
  • A dental bridge that is designed when abutment teeth are prepared on only one side of the missing toothless gap. In such cases, the pontic is located outside the abutment teeth
  • Only anchored to one end of a support to which it is protruding
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11
Q

What is a fixed-fixed bonded bridgework?

A
  • Bridge cemented to natural teeth
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12
Q

What is a pontic?

A
  • A fake tooth on bridgework
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13
Q

What is a retainer in bridgework?

A
  • What you attach to the abutment tooth to secure the retainer
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14
Q

What is the name for the tooth the retainer goes onto?

A

The abutment tooth

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of conventional bridgework?

A
  • Cantilever

- Fixed-fixed

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16
Q

What is the name for a complete denture that has no attachments for stability?

A
  • Removable
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17
Q

What is the name for a complete denture that ‘snaps into place’?

A
  • An implant retained denture
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18
Q

What is the name for a complete denture that is screw retained and non-removable?

A
  • Implant supported denture
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19
Q

What are the advantages of

fixed partial dentures? (5 points)

A
  • More natural appearing tooth substitutes
  • Feel more natural
  • Superior stability with chewing hard foods
  • Minimal soft tissue coverage
  • Not easily removed
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20
Q

What are the disadvantages of fixed partial dentures? (4 points)

A
  • More expensive
  • More suitable for short spans
  • Extensive tooth preparation is usual
  • Abutments must be in good alignment and functionally adequate
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21
Q

What are the advantages of removable partial dentures? (5 points)

A
  • Generally less expensive
  • Minimal tooth preparation
  • Longer edentulous spans can be restored
  • Replacement of missing alveolar ridge tissues is possible
  • Can be removed for cleaning and adjustments of repairs
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22
Q

What are the disadvantages of removable partial dentures? (4 points)

A
  • Clasps may be unattractive
  • Designs may be bulky, complicated and plaque -retentive
  • May cause gagging
  • Retention and stability may be problematic
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23
Q

What is meant by a saddle?

A
  • An area with no teeth
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24
Q

What are the 2 types of saddle?

A
  • Free-end saddle

- Bounded saddle

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25
Q

What are the 2 types of free-end saddle?

A
  • Bilateral

- Unilateral

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26
Q

What are the 2 types of bounded saddle?

A
  • Anterior

- Unilateral bounded

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27
Q

Do you need to replace all of the missing teeth with the partial denture?

A
  • No you don’t have to replace them all the time

- It depends on the teeth that are needing to be replaced

28
Q

Do we need to have 32 teeth in our mouth for normal function?

A
  • No, in 1992, the world health organisation stated:
  • The retention, throughout life, of a functional, esthetic, natural dentition of not less than 20 teeth and not requiring recourse to prostheses should be the treatment goal for oral health
29
Q

What is the name for a dentition where most posterior teeth are missing?

A

Shortened dental arch

30
Q

Do you get satisfactory oral function without the use of a RPD in a patient with a shortened dental arch?

A

Yes

31
Q

What teeth are given priority to maintaining in one or both jaws when some teeth are missing?

A
  • Anterior and premolar dentition
32
Q

In a shortened dental arch there is sufficient adaptive capacity in subjects with 3-5 occlusal units left? What are 1&2 units given for?

A
  • 1 unit = a pair of occluding premolars

- 2 units = a pair of occluding molars

33
Q

What are the considerations when using bridgework to extend the SDA? (3 points)

A
  • Max one unit on each side of the arch
  • Minimal contact in excursion (a movement of the mandible, from the centric po sition and back)
  • Heavy contacts may lead to fialure
34
Q

How can you extend the shortened dental arch using a RPD?

A
  • By creating a bilateral free end saddle RPD
35
Q

What is a ‘tooth borne’ RPD?

A
  • Everything rests on the teeth
36
Q

What is a mucosa borne RPD?

A
  • Everything rests on the mucosa
37
Q

What is a tooth and mucosa borne RPD?

A
  • Mixture: resting both on the teeth and mucosa
38
Q

What are the 2 materials that can be used as a base in a RPD?

A
  • Acrylic

- Cobalt Chrome

39
Q

What are the 5 main things you have to include in a patient assessment for a RPD?

A
  • History
  • Examination
  • Special investigations
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment plan
40
Q

For patient assessment you have to take a full denture history from the patient. What should you ask about? (6 points)

A
  • Why were teeth lost?
  • How long have they worn dentures for?
  • How many dentures have they had?
  • Have they got a favourite denture?
  • Have they got a preferred design?
  • Which do they prefer - Metal or acrylic resin denture?
41
Q

For patient assessment, a routine medical history needs to be taken to identify problems which could affect the treatment. What are some of these problems? (6 points)

A
  • Arthritis
  • Neuromuscular
  • Mucosal disease
  • Xerostomia
  • Osteoporosis/bisphosphonates
  • Insertion and removal
42
Q

In the patient assessment for a RPD a social history has to be taken, what should be included in this? (6 points)

A
  • Distance travelled/ability to attend
  • Accompanying person?
  • Hobbies - musical instruments
  • Smoking
  • Alcohol
  • Diet
43
Q

During patient assessment, they have to have an extra-oral assessment, What do you need to look for in this?

A
  • Lower facial height
  • Nasio-labial angle
  • Limited opening
  • Any abnormalities
  • Smile line
  • Aesthetics of existing dentures
44
Q

A patient assessment had to be taken for RPD’s. What has to be included in the general intra-oral examination? (5 points)

A
  • Periodontal status
  • Endodontic status
  • Caries
  • Tooth wear
  • Indirect restorations
45
Q

A patient assessment has to be done prior to making RPD’s. What is included in the edentulous spaces aspect of the intra oral exam? (5 points)

A
  • Number
  • Position
  • Length
  • Ridge form
  • Displaceable tissue
46
Q

A patient assessment has to be taken prior to making a RPD. What has to be included in the occlusion part of an intra-oral examination? (3 points)

A
  • Occlusal vertical dimension
  • Occlusal contacts
  • Freeway space (the space between the occluding surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth when the mandible is in physiological resting position)
47
Q

What is freeway space?

A
  • The space between the occluding surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth when the mandible is in physiological resting position
48
Q

What does the Kennedy classification system classify?

A
  • Classification of edentulous jaw conditions and partial dentures, based in the distribution of edentulous spaces
49
Q

What is the Kennedy class I?

A
  • Bilateral free end saddle
50
Q

What is the Kennedy class II?

A
  • Unilateral free-end saddle
51
Q

What is the Kennedy class III?

A
  • Unilateral single-bounded saddle
52
Q

What is the Kennedy class IV?

A
  • Single bilateral anterior bounded saddle
53
Q

What is a Craddock class I?

A
  • Saddles supported on both sides by substantial abutments
54
Q

What is a Craddock class II?

A
  • Vertical biting forces resisted entirely by soft tissues
55
Q

What is a Craddock class III?

A
  • Tooth supported at only one end of the saddle
56
Q

During denture examination what does ‘support’ mean?

A
  • The resistance to vertical of the denture towards the tissue
57
Q

During denture examination what does ‘retention’ mean?

A
  • The resistance to displacement of the denture away from the tissue
58
Q

During denture examination what does ‘stability’ mean?

A
  • The resistance to horizontal (lateral) movement of the denture
59
Q

During denture examination there are 6 things we are particularly interested about. What are these?

A
  • Aesthetics
  • Extension (what the bite is like)
  • Occlusion
  • Material
  • Design
  • Condition of teeth and base
60
Q

A patient may get stomatitis because they fail to take out their denture. What is stomatitis?

A
  • Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures of the mouth.
  • The word stomatitis literally means inflammation of the mouth
61
Q

When considering the teeth required to be abutments for a RPD, what factors do we need to consider? (5 points)

A
  • Are the teeth structurally sound, with satisfactory appearance?
  • Are the teeth in good alignment and position?
  • Are the previous restorations and endodontic treatments satisfactory?
  • Are the abutment tooth roots and supporting alveolar bone conditions adequate?
  • Is the soft tissue of the edentulous ridge satisfactory in quantity and quality?
62
Q

What special investigations can we do to check the quality of abutment teeth (and how good the bone support is) for RPD’s? (4 points)

A
  • Periapical radiographs
  • Sensibility tests (EPT - pulp testing, ethyl chloride)
  • Surveyed study models
  • Clinical photographs
63
Q

What is meant by ‘combination system’?

A
  • A term used to describe the situation where only 6-8 lower anterior teeth remain functioning against a complete upper denture
64
Q

When diagnosing a patient with a partial denture, what problems are you looking for in the patient? (7 points)

A
  • Partial edentulism
  • Endodontic (tooth pulp)
  • Periodontal (gum/soft tissues)
  • Caries
  • Toothwear
  • Shortened dental arch
  • Combination syndrome
65
Q

When diagnosing a patient with a partial denture, what problems are you looking for in the denture? (8 points)

A
  • Over/under extension
  • Reduced support, retention or stability
  • Fractured clasps/baseplates
  • No free way space
  • Poor aesthetics
  • Worn teeth

BDS2 RPD (13 decks)

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