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Rad Quality I > Intro To Rad > Flashcards

Intro To Rad Flashcards

1
Q

What is an image created from x-rays?

A

a radiograph

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2
Q

What is the individual who takes Radiograph images of a patient?

A

Radiology technician (other professions do as well)

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3
Q

What is a specially trained (residency in most cases) individual who reads diagnostic imaging, including radiographs?

A

Radiologist

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4
Q

What is it called where the cathode and anode are in for taking an x-ray?

A

an X-ray tube

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5
Q

What determines where the x-rays go out of the x-ray tube?

A

the collimator

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6
Q

What is the positive and what is the negative side of the x-ray tube?

A

negative side–> cathode

positive side–> anode

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7
Q

What is the structure in the x-ray tube that will be hit by the electrons given off from the cathode?

A

the anode

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8
Q

What must the film be inside and why?

A

an X-ray cassette, so light doesn’t get in and expose the film

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9
Q

What does the x-ray cassette, holding the film, go inside?

A

the Bucky or image receptor

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10
Q

What is the color of the inside of the X-ray cassette?

A

white surface that will turn darker/glow once photons hit it

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11
Q

If the area on the film is darker, what does this tell us about the number of photons that hit it?

A

more photons hit cassette and exposed it

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12
Q

If the area on the film is lighter, what does this tell us about the number of photons that hit it?

A

no photons or few photons hit the cassette due to the anatomy (bone) stopping them

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13
Q

Where are the electrons created for an x-ray?

A

at the cathode

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14
Q

Where do the electrons for an x-ray accelerate from and to?

A

from the cathode to the anode

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15
Q

What is the piece of metal the electrons hit to make x-rays?

A

anode

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16
Q

What exposes the film?

A

the glowing of the cassette due to x-rays that pass through the patient

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17
Q

What color on the film will the area that doesn’t glow in the cassette be?

A

white

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18
Q

Will a darker film have a higher or lower density? Will this indicate more or less x-ray exposure?

A

darker film = higher density = more x-ray exposure

more x-rays made it through and hit film

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19
Q

Will a lighter film have a higher or lower density? Will this indicate more or less x-ray exposure?

A

lighter film = lower density = less x-ray exposure (to cassette and it does NOT flow and expose the film)

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20
Q

The optical/radiographic (film) density reflects the number of _________ that make it to the film and expose it.

A

photons

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21
Q

Will more photons making it to the film create a blacker or whiter film?

A

blacker film– more density

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22
Q

What is the area of blackness where it should be white referred to as?

A

Radiolucent (lucency)

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23
Q

What is the area of whiteness where it should be black referred to as?

A

Radiopaque (opacity)

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24
Q

What is the term for more whiteness than normal (bone) on a film?

A

Sclerotic (sclerosis)

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25
Q

What is the term for the amount of difference b/w visible shades?

A

contrast

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26
Q

Is there more or less contrast when there is a big difference b/w visible sheets?

A

more contrast

27
Q

When there is a little difference b/w shades, is this less or more contrast?

A

less contrast

28
Q

If there are more shades of gray, is this considered to have more or less contrast?

A

less contrast

29
Q

T/F. Contrast and shades of gray are opposite to another.

A

True– b/c the higher the contrast, the less shades of gray there are and vice versa

30
Q

Will low and high contrast have higher kVp?

A

low contrast

31
Q

Will high contrast have higher or lower kVp?

A

lower kVp

32
Q

Will high or low contrast have intense blacks and whites?

A

high contrast

33
Q

Are low or high contrast films better for skeletal films? What type of kVp will this have?

A

high contrast; low kVp

34
Q

Will the amount of shades of gray increase or decrease with an increase in kVp?

A

increase in shades of gray

35
Q

If we increase the kVp, what happens to the contrast?

A

the contrast decreases

36
Q

Will a higher or lower kVp have more Compton scattering (more variation in the x-ray beam)?

A

higher the kVp

37
Q

What are the 5 Primary Radiographic Densities? List in order from most black to most white.**

A
  1. Air (most black/leucent)
  2. Fat
  3. Water
  4. Bone
  5. Metal (most white/opaque)
38
Q

How many views must we have in order to appreciate an objects 3D characteristics?

A

2 views!!!

39
Q

What is the view called that as if the patient was facing you–> R on L?

A

Anatomical View (typical way that radiologists look at films)

40
Q

What is the view called that is as if the patient was facing away from you– R on R?

A

Surgical view (typical way that chiropractors and spine surgeons look at films)

41
Q

What is the view called that chiropractors look at films?

A

Surgical view

R on R
L on L

42
Q

What does Recumbent mean?

A

laying down; not standing

Could be:

  • prone
  • supine
  • lateral recumbent
43
Q

What is the term for when one is laying down on their side?

A

lateral recumbent

44
Q

Describe the positioning of a patient for a A-P film.

A

front to back; back toward film

x-rays enter anterior aspect of patient first

45
Q

Describe the positioning of a patient for a P-A film.

A

back to front; front toward film

46
Q

Describe the positioning of a patient for a Left Lateral film.

A

side-view with left side toward film

therefore right side is closest to x-ray tube

47
Q

Describe the positioning of a patient for a Lateral film.

A

side-view with side toward film

48
Q

Describe the positioning of a patient for a Oblique film.

A

angled view; usually 45 degrees

49
Q

At what osseous level/landmark is the mastoid tip at?

A

C1

50
Q

At what osseous level/landmark is the thyroid/laryngeal cartilage at?

A

C4

51
Q

At what osseous level/landmark is the vertebral prominens at?

A

C7

52
Q

At what osseous level/landmark is the sternal notch at

A

T2

53
Q

At what osseous level/landmark is the sternal angle at?

A

T4

54
Q

At what osseous level/landmark is the xyphoid tip at?

A

T10

55
Q

At what osseous level/landmark is the iliac crest at?

A

L4/L5

56
Q

At what osseous level/landmark is the ASIS at?

A

S2

57
Q

At what osseous level/landmark is the Greater trochanter at?

A

coccyx tip and pubic symphysis

58
Q

When we mark lateral views, what is the marker indicating about the patient placement?

A

side of the patient that is closet to the film at the time the film as taken; the side that is touching the Bucky

59
Q

When we take an extremity film what is the Mitchell Marker indicating?

A

the side the extremity is on

60
Q

When we take a spine film, what is the Mitchell Marker indicating?

A

the anatomically correct side

61
Q

What of the patient is touching the image receptor (Bucky) for a Right Posterior oblique (RPO) film?

A

right posterior toward film

62
Q

What of the patient is touching the image receptor (Bucky) for a Left Posterior Oblique (LPO) film?

A

Left posterior toward film

63
Q

What of the patient is touching the image receptor (Bucky) for a Right anterior oblique (RAO) film?

A

Right anterior toward film

64
Q

What of the patient is touching the image receptor (Bucky) for a Left Anterior Oblique (LAO) film?

A

Left anterior toward film

Rad Quality I (5 decks)

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