Intro to psychology

Question 1

Define “Psychology”

Answer 1

The scientific study of the mind, brain and behavior

Question 2

Define “Multiply Determined”

Answer 2

All actions are produced by many factors

Question 3

Reasons for psychology being hard

Answer 3

1) Multiply Determined
2) psychological influences are rarely independent of each other
3) Individual differences
4) social influence
5) culture

Question 4

How does East and West cultures differ?

Answer 4

Western: Single minded, focus on individual
Eastern: group minded, focus on group

Question 5

Motivational Triad

Answer 5

1) Pleasure seeking
2) Pain avoidance
3) Law of least effort

Question 6

Define “Naive Realism”

Answer 6

(Seeing is believing), The belief that we see the world exactly as it is

Question 7

Define “Confirmation Bias”

Answer 7

The tendency to seek out evidence that supports our belief’s and deny/ dismiss evidence that contradicts them

Question 8

What’s wrong with Definitive language?

Answer 8

it sounds like proof but has nothing to back it up

Question 9

Warning signs that something is pseudoscientific

Answer 9

-(Esp.) loopholes or escape hatches( Cant do it right now)
-lack of self control
-Overreliance on anecdotes (my friend says it happened to him)

Question 10

Define “Pareidolia”

Answer 10

Seeing meaningful images in meaningless stimuli

Question 11

Why do people see things in images that do not contain anything?

Answer 11

Our brains are wired to make order of disorder and find sense in nonsense.

Question 12

Explain correlation of 0,1, and -1

Answer 12

0-one variable is not related to another
-1-one variable goes up and other goes down in harmony
1-both variables go up in harmony

Question 13

Define Scientific skepticism

Answer 13

to judge scientific claims with an open mind

Question 14

What to do when evaluating a psychological claim

Answer 14

keep in mind of other causes/ keep an open mind

Question 15

Define falseability

Answer 15

can the claim be disproved

Question 16

why should psychological research not be done by the same group twice

Answer 16

bias, doesn’t prove anything

Question 17

Traits associated with conspiracist

Answer 17

lower analytical thinking, intelligence, psychological projection, paranoia, manipulativeness, indifference to morality.

Question 18

“knowing more information does not make a child’s thinking more advanced” what does that mean?

Answer 18

from birth -2 years a child knowledge is constructed by sensory experiences. from 2-7 they are mostly based on patterns and primitive symbols, then forth they learn how to use mental actions

Question 19

Define “Terror management theory”

Answer 19

The awareness of our death leaves us with wit terror that we cope with by adopting reassurance culturally/ world views.

Question 20

Define “Correlation does not cause causation”

Answer 20

Correlation between variables does not mean that when one is changed the other will be affected e.g. ice-cream and Crime rate

Question 21

Define “Dunning Kruger effect”

Answer 21

Believing that they are smarter than they actually are. is a combination of lack of self awareness with low cognitive ability, and tend to overestimate themselves.