Intro to Psych

Question 1

Means soul; represented as a butterfly

Answer 1

Psyche

Question 2

Scientific study of the mind and behavior

Answer 2

Psychology

Question 3

Life (Psychology)

Answer 3

Psyche

Question 4

Explanation (Psychology)

Answer 4

Logos

Question 5

Importance CT

Answer 5

Hones critical thinking skills

Question 6

Importance CS

Answer 6

develop communication skills

Question 7

Find solutions to specific personal or social problems

Answer 7

Applied research

Question 8

Evaluate problems - anxiety and depression through interviews and psychological tests; help clients resolve problems and change

Answer 8

Clinical psychologist

Question 9

Clients usually have adjustment problems but not serious psychological disorders

Answer 9

Counseling psychologists

Question 10

Identify and assist students who have problems that interfere with learning

Answer 10

School psychologists

Question 11

Focus on course planning and instructional methods for a school system rather than individual children

Answer 11

Educational psychologists

Question 12

Sort out influences of heredity and the environment on development

Answer 12

Developmental psychologists

Question 13

Determines influences on human thought processes, feelings, and behavior; concerned with issues - anxiety, aggression, sexual orientation, and gender roles

Answer 13

Personality psychologists

Question 14

Tend to focus on social influences on behavior

Answer 14

Social psychologists

Question 15

Study how environment and people interact with and influence each other

Answer 15

Environmental psychologists

Question 16

Specialize - nervous system, sensation and perception, learning and memory, thought, motivation, and emotion

Answer 16

Experimental psychologists

Question 17

Apply psychology to criminal justice system

Answer 17

Forensic psychologists

Question 18

Help athletes concentrate on performance

Answer 18

Sport psychologists

Question 19

Study effects of stress on health problems - headaches, cardiovascular disease, and cancer; guide clients to healthier routines

Answer 19

Health psychologists

Question 20

Human behavior in organizations and the work place

Answer 20

Industrial-organizational psychologists

Question 21

Scientific methods to create knowledge about causes of behavior

Answer 21

Research psychologists

Question 22

Human behavior is subject to rules and laws

Answer 22

Aristotle

Question 23

Think of behavior in terms of body and mind; behavior is influenced by external stimulus (person)

Answer 23

Democritus

Question 24

Suggested introspection

Answer 24

Socrates

Question 25

Careful examination of one's own thoughts and emotions

Answer 25

Introspection

Question 26

Mind: sensations, feelings, images = experience; mind functions by combining objective and subjective elements of experience

Answer 26

Structuralism

Question 27

Who follows structuralism and helped establish experimental psychology?

Answer 27

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 28

How experience helps us function more adaptively in our environment; behavior was driven by a number of instinct which aid survival; proposes that adaptive behavior patterns are learned and maintained

Answer 28

Functionalism

Question 29

Who follows functionalism and was influenced by Charles Darwin's theory of evolution?

Answer 29

William James

Question 30

Study of observable behavior and studies relationships between stimuli and responses

Answer 30

Behaviorism

Question 31

Founder of American behaviorism

Answer 31

John B. Watson

Question 32

Believe that organism behave in ways because they have been reinforced

Answer 32

BF Skinner

Question 33

Stimulus that follows a response and increases frequency of response

Answer 33

Reinforcement

Question 34

Organize perceptions into wholes and integrate separate stimuli into meaningful patterns; whole experience grater than studying individual parts

Answer 34

Gestalt Psychology

Question 35

Founders of gestalt psychology

Answer 35

Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, Wolfgang Kohler

Question 36

Stimulus is perceived by humans in its "most simple form"

Answer 36

Law of simplicity

Question 37

Based on immediacy

Answer 37

Proximity

Question 38

Similar to each other

Answer 38

Similarity

Question 39

Object is incomplete

Answer 39

Closure

Question 40

Differentiation of object from surrounding area

Answer 40

Figure & Ground

Question 41

Focus on unconscious mind, dreams, and role of early childhood experiences in shaping behavior

Answer 41

Psychoanalysis

Question 42

Coined "penis envy;" and fascinated by patients suffering from hysteria and neurosis

Answer 42

Sigmund Freud

Question 43

Emphasizes potential for good that is innate to all humans

Answer 43

Humanism

Question 44

Proposed hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior - needs met = motivate behavior

Answer 44

Abraham Maslow

Question 45

Used client-centered therapy in helping clients deal with problematic issues resulting in them seeking psychotherapy

Answer 45

Carl Rogers

Question 46

Patient takes lead role in therapy session; 3 features for effectiveness of practice: unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and empathy

Answer 46

Client-centered therapy

Question 47

Therapists accept client for who they are

Answer 47

Unconditional postive regard

Question 48

Influenced by all historical perspectives in psychology

Answer 48

Contemporary psychology

Question 49

Emphasis on the effect of social expectations and context on thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to research and practice in psychology

Answer 49

Feminist psychology

Question 50

Coined "womb envy;" and argued that psychology is male-centered

Answer 50

Karen Horney

Question 51

Propose young girls feel deprived and envious of not having a penis

Answer 51

Penis envy