intro to physio Flashcards
means “a cutting open”
Study of the structures of the body and physical relationships among body parts
Anatomy
Study of structures that cannot be seen without
magnification
Microscopic anatomy
can see tissues
Dissecting microscope
can see basic cell structure
Light microscope
can see individual molecules
Electron microscope
Study of function and how organisms perform vital
functions
Physiology
a group of cells working together to perform specific functions
tissue
composed of two or more tissues working together to perform specific functions
organ
the highest level of organization
• Collection of organ systems working together to
maintain life and health
organism
long and slender for contraction
Smooth muscle cells
flattened discs to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
Red blood cells
maintain bone
Bone cells
spherical for fat storage
Fat cells
some have extensive branching providing huge surface area for communication
Nerve cells
most common tissue
epithelial tissue
Diverse in appearance but all forms contain cells
surrounded by extracellular matrix
connective tissue
Has the ability to contract forcefully
muscle tissue
Specialized to carry information or instructions within the body
nervous tissue
Protects the body from environmental hazards
Integumentary system
Produces movement; Provides support; Generates heat
muscular system
things named after the discoverer or most famous victim of a disease
eponym
Cells surrounded by watery medium called
extracellular fluid
Thin, roughly parallel surfaces; Protect underlying soft tissues; Provide surface area for skeletal muscle attachment
flat bones
irregular bones formed between cranial bones; number, shapes, and size may vary
sutural bones
relatively long and slender
long bones
Complex shapes with short, flat, notched, or ridged
surfaces
irregular bones
• Small, flat, and somewhat shaped like sesame seed • Develop inside tendons of knee, hands, and feet • Individual variation in location and number
sesamoid bones
small and boxy
small bones
Elongated body of a long bone
diaphysis
small, rounded projection
Tubercle
small, rough projection that takes up a broad area
Tuberosity
smooth, grooved articular process shaped like a pulley
Trochlea
smooth, rounded articular process
Condyle
dense sheath of collagen fibers around muscle
Epimysium
