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PMOD 1ST SHIFTING > Intro to Physical Agents > Flashcards

Intro to Physical Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Represent the admiration of thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic, and light energies for a specific therapeutic effect

A

Physical Agents

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2
Q

Represent a group of interventions that are adjunctive components of a more comprehensive therapy plan

A

Physical Agents

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3
Q

Discuss the clinical application of physical agents

A
  1. Modulation of pain
  2. Alteration of muscle activation
  3. Decrease inflammation and facilitate tissue healing
  4. Increasing tissue extensibility
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4
Q

Very common CC; protective signal of injuries; unpleasant sensation; reliable indication of the location of injury

A

Pain

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5
Q

unipolar at DRG

A

a-delta fibers & c-fibers

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6
Q

small diameter

A

a-delta fibers

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7
Q

smallest diameter

A

c-fibers

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8
Q

myelinated

A

a-delta fibers

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9
Q

unmyelinated

A

c-fibers

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10
Q

transmission of AP is 30 m/s

A

a-delta fibers

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11
Q

transmission of AP is 1-4 m/s

A

c-fibers

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12
Q

fast pain; sharp, stabbing, pricking

A

a-delta fibers

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13
Q

slow pain; dull, throbbing, aching, burning

A

c-fibers

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14
Q

localized pain

A

a-delta fibers

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15
Q

diffusely localized

A

c-fibers

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16
Q

pain relief theories

A
  1. gate control theory
  2. endogenous opioid system
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17
Q

facilitatory to SG which “closes” the gate to block pai n

A

a-delta fibers

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18
Q

inhibitory to SG resulting to continuous pain

A

c-fibers

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19
Q

Pain is modulated by endogenous opioid-like peptides called opiopeptins or endorphins

A

endogenous opioid system

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20
Q

components of gate control theory

A

a-delta fibers
c-fibers
substantia gelatinosa

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21
Q

Depolarization of peripheral n. to recruit more motor units

A

facilitation

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22
Q

Decrease motor nerve conduction or synaptic activity

Reduction of pain

A

inhibition

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23
Q

phases of tissue healing process

A
  1. inflammatory phase
  2. proliferative phase
  3. maturation phase
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24
Q

Decrease blood flow and metabolic activity to reduce swelling

Reduction of pain

Minimize duration and residual effects of inflammatory phase

A

inflammatory phase

25
Q

Enhance blood flow and cellular activity to promote repair of damages tissue

A

proliferative phase

26
Q

Influence maturation and organization of collagen

Restore functional integrity

A

maturation phase

27
Q

Heat facilitates elongation and deformation of collagen

A

increasing tissue extensibility

28
Q

types of physical modalities

A

thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic

29
Q

Transfer of energy to pt to increase or decrease tissue temperature

A

thermal

30
Q

hmp, pwb, fluidotherapy

A

superficial heating modalities

31
Q

ultrasound, diathermy

A

deep heating modalities

32
Q

2 types of diathermy

A

shortwave diathermy & microwave diathermy

33
Q

ice pack/cold pack, vapocoolant spray, cold whirlpool

A

cyrotherapy

34
Q

methods of heat transfer

A

conduction, convection, evaporation, conversion

35
Q

hmp, pwb, ice pack

A

conduction

36
Q

cold whirpool, fluidotherapy

A

convection

37
Q

vapocoolant spray

A

evaporation

38
Q

ultrasound and diathermy; direct piezoelectric effect; reverse piezoelectric effect

A

conversion

39
Q

mechanical to electrical energy

A

Direct Piezoelectric Effect

40
Q

electrical to mechanical energy

A

Reverse/Converse/Inverse Piezoelectric Effect

41
Q

Agents that apply force to inc. or dec. pressure on the body

A

Mechanical

42
Q

water

A

hydrotherapy

43
Q

Intermittent cervical traction (ICT) or intermittent lumbar traction (ILT)

A

mechanical traction

44
Q

Intermittent pneumatic compression

A

compression

45
Q

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy
Sound

A

pressure

46
Q

Ultrasound
Continuous or pulsed mode

A

sound

47
Q

Agents that apply electrical current or electromagnetic radiation to induce physiological effects

A

electromagnetic

48
Q

Apply energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation or an electric current

A

electromagnetic

49
Q

energy is transmitted by oscillatory motion in the form of electromagnetic waves

A

Electromagnetic Wave

50
Q

2 types of electromagnetic modalities

A

Electromagnetic fields and electrical currents

51
Q

use of electrical current to induce muscle contraction, changes in sensation, edema reduction and tissue healing

A

electrical stimulation

52
Q

ultraviolet radiation, diathermy, LASER, infrared radiation

A

Electromagnetic Fields/electromagnetic wave

53
Q

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

A

electrical stimulation/electrical currents

54
Q

Conditions or factors in which treatment over a specific body region should not be applied

Increased risk of adverse effects

A

contraindications

55
Q

Conditions or factors in which a pt is at risk of experiencing an adverse event

Proceed with caution

A

precautions

56
Q

documentation of physical agents

A

Modality
Body region
Patient position
Parameters (specific to the modality)
Rationale

57
Q

impaired sensation, pregnancy, old age, unconscious, young age

A

precaution

58
Q

cancer, fever, hemorrhagic conditions, active deep venous thrombosis, electronic implants

A

contraindications

PMOD 1ST SHIFTING (3 decks)

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