Intro to Philosophy and Logic Flashcards
According to Socrates, Philosophy started
from a simple process called
Wondering
The _____ nature of the ancient people of
Greece has helped them to initiate studies
and researches to feed their doubting and
perplexed minds with philosophical ideas.
curious
Regarded by Aristotle to be the first to make a
philosophical articulation regarding the basic
stuff of the universe.
Thales
His idea of water or moist was the first
principle of life which inspired other Greeks to
find more answers and formulated new
concepts
Thales
The concepts formulated by the Greeks were based on the _____ popularized by _____
dictum, Socrates
philo/philos/philia means _____
loving
sohpia means _____
wisdom
He coined the word Philosophy
Pythagoras
philosophy means _____
love of wisdom
A science of the ultimate awareness of things
with reference to their causes and effects.
Philosophy
It opens man’s intellectual cravings
Philosophy
It makes man know more about himself and
the rest of the world
Philosophy
what field of philosophy include metaphysics and epistemology, Ontology, Cosmology, Theodicy, etc.
theoretical
“Episteme” means _____
knowledge
studies the nature of human knowledge
Epistemology
“on” means ____
being
study under metaphysics, knowing the essential characteristics of particular existing things
Ontology
phusis/physis means _____
nature
“meta” means ____
beyond
studies the nature of being and beings
Metaphysics
studies the morality of human acts
Ethics
“logos” means
study
“psyche” means _____
mind or soul
studies the human mind and condition
Psychology
What field of philosophy includes ethics, social philosphy, aesthetics, etc.?
Practical
studies the nature of the universe
Cosmology
studies man and his society
Social Philosophy
Studies the nature of God and the defense of God’s goodness
Theodicy
“theos” means ____
god
“dike” means ____
justice
studies the meaning of words and linguistic forms
Semantics
studies beauty and value of works of art
Aesthetics
studies the nature or meaning of values
Axiology
principles or laws of accurate thinking, systematic or orderly thinking
Logic
It demands that all activities corresponding
to man’s line of thinking must be correct.
Logic
founder of the Stoic school
Zeno of Citium
Father of Logic
Aristotle
Father of Biology
Aristotle
The school established by Aristotle
Lyceum
He became successful in separating logic
from the totality of philosophy.
Aristotle
How many treatises did Aristotle create?
six
the student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle
Plato
the six treatises of Aristotle were called the _____
Organon
studied under Aristotle
Theophrastus of Lesbos
He added a treatise to Aristotle’s six treatises
Theophrastus of Lesbos
The treatise added by Aristotle’s student is called ___
Hypothetical Reasoning
Was the Neoplatonist who wrote an introduction
to the Categories of Aristotle
Porphyr
The Categories of Aristotle were sometimes referred to as _____
Isagoge
Trnaslated the Organon of Aristotle from Greek to Latin
Boethius
wrote commentaries regarding Aristotelian logic
Avicenna and Averroes
the Angelic doctor of the Church
St. Thomas Aquinas
introduced logical ideas of Aristotle to the Christian world
St. Thomas Aquinas
a manifestation of Bacon’s criticism to Aristotelian logic
Novum Organum
introduced a new tool for rational mind called Inductive Reasoning
Francis Bacon
this is what Bacon referred to as the Scientific Method
Inductive Reasoning
through his work entitled System Logic
made an explanation by using the same kind
of reasoning and eventually provided the
empirical sciences with sets of formula and
criteria to serve their purpose.
John Stuart Mill
foundation of philosophy
Logic
the two types of Logic
Material and Formal
refers to the content or the meaning and truth of the statement.
Material
refers to the correctness of the thought. the format
Formal
an argument is _______ when the ideas therein conform with fact or reality
materially valid
arguments are _______ when they follow the subject-predicate pattern or structure
formally valid
