Intro to Pharmacology Flashcards
A field of study of chemical substances and their effects on humans.
Pharmacology
How the drug affects the body
Pharmacodynamics
How the body affects the drug
Pharmacokinetics
Any substance that brings about a change in biologic function through its chemical actions
Drug
A drug which resides in an inactive form and when administered is transformed into an active compound.
Pro-Drug
A field of study of the appropriate use of medications to effectively treat or prevent disease and manage symptoms.
Pharmacotherapeutics
A field of study of genetic impact on drug metabolic or handling processes which can affect individual responses to drugs.
Pharmacogenetics
A field of study utilizing scientific and economic methods to evaluate and compare value between therapies.
Pharmacoeconomics
A field of study that applies epidemiological principles and methods to study the uses and effects of medications on large populations.
Pharmacoepidemiology
Describe Pharmaceutical Equivalence.
- Same ingredients
- Same dosage form/route
- Same strength/concentration
*** Important to note that they may not have the SAME effect on the body.
Describe Pharmaceutical Alternatives.
Same drug but different salts/complexes or different dosage forms or strengths
Describe Therapeutic Equivalence.
Drugs that are pharmaceutically-equivalent AND expected to have the same Therapeutic Effect/Safety Profile.
Describe Bioequivalence.
Similar RATE and EXTENT of absorption
Differentiate between A and B ratings of drugs from the FDA.
A - Therapeutically-equivalent product AND NO bioequivalence issues
B - NOT Therapeutically-equivalent and/or significant bio-equivalent issues
Which two groups DO NOT require a prescription?
- Over-the-Counter (OTC)
2. Behind-the-Counter
Describe Legend Drugs.
Drugs that require a Prescription!
- Non-Scheduled/Non-controlled: No abuse potential
- Scheduled/Controlled: Based on abuse potential (rating is from C-1 through C-5; Lower risk of abuse is associated with a higher “C” rating; C-5 is the LOWEST risk of abuse)
Dosing frequency for “everyday/daily”
Q.D.
Dosing frequency for “twice daily”
B.I.D.
Dosing frequency for “three times daily”
T.I.D
Dosing frequency for “four times daily”
Q.I.D
Dosing frequency for “Every other day”
Q.O.D
Dosing frequency for “Every 12 hours”
Q.12.H.
Dosing frequency for “every morning”
Q.A.M.
Dosing frequency for “every evening”
Q.P.M.
