Intro To Pediatric History and Physical Exam

Question 0

Length/height: average at birth, % increase in first year

Answer 0

Average 50cm at birth
50% increase at 1 year
Doubles at 4 years

Question 1

Important things to consider on newborn physical exam (7)

Answer 1

Fontanelles
Hips => barlow and ortolani manuvers
Red reflex
Primitive reflexes
Spine
Genitalia
Measurements

REMEMBER: start centrally (stethscope etc.) and move peripherally

Question 2

Weight: Average at birth, change at 6 mo, 1 yr, 2 yr?

Answer 2

Average 3.5 kg
Doubles by 6 mo (gain ~20-30 g/day for 4 mo)
Triples by 1 year
Quadruples by 2 years

Question 3

When children start walking?

Answer 3

7-17 months

Question 4

When do children start sitting without support?

Answer 4

~4-9 months

Question 5

When should children be able to crawl on hands and knees?

Answer 5

5-14 months

Question 6

Average head circumference at birth?

Answer 6

35 cm
47cm at one year
49cm at two years

Question 7

How is fever defined in pediatrics?

Answer 7

> 38.5 C rectally (100.5 F)

Age matters!

Question 8

Top three causes of mortality in 0-1 year olds?

Answer 8

Developmental and genetic conditions
SIDS
Conditions assoc with prematurity and LBW

Question 9

Top three causes of mortality in 1-4 year olds?

Answer 9

Accidents
Development and genetic conditions present at birth
Cancer

Question 10

Top three causes of mortality in 5-15 year olds?

Answer 10

Accidents
Cancer
Homicide

Question 11

Top three causes of mortality in 15-24 year olds?

Answer 11

Accidents
Suicide
Homicide/cance

Question 12

Normal BP in neonates, 1-12mo, 1-10 years, >10 years

Answer 12

Neonates: 10 years: <90 mmHg

Question 13

Normal HR in neonates, infants, 2-6 yr, 6-10yr, 10-16yr?

Answer 13

Neonates: 100-170 BPM
Infants: 80-130
2-6 yr: 70-120
6-10 yr: 70-110
10-16 yr: 60-100

Question 14

RR in neonates,1,3,6, 10 years?

Answer 14

Neonates: 30-80/min
1 year: 20-40
3 years: 20-30
6 years: 16-22
10 years: 16-20