Intro To PE & Instruments

Question 1

What are the CDC Universal Precaution Standards?

Answer 1

1) Prevent the spread of disease to you and the patient
2) Wear gloves when dealing with bodily fluids
3) Wash/Sterilize hands before and after wearing gloves

Question 2

CDC Standard Precautions?

Answer 2

1) Clean hands
2) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - prevent exposure to infectious disease
3) Proper patient placement (i.e. quarantine infected patient)
4) Proper handling of needles and other sharp objects
5) Etc.

Question 3

Types of Hand Hygiene

Answer 3

1) Hand Wash/Soap
2) Antiseptic Handwash (wash has antiseptic chemical)
3) Alcohol-based handrub (GOLD STANDARD)
4) Surgical Hand Sterilization (used by surgical staff) - hardcore routine

Question 4

What are the Red Bags for?

Answer 4

Disposal of biohazard

Question 5

Physical exam methods (general)

Answer 5

Inspect ——————-look
Auscultation ————-listen/hear
Palpating —————— touch
Olfaction —————— smell
Percussion ————— “tapping” over an area to I.D. Air, solid, fluid

Question 6

Tuning Fork neurologic tests

Answer 6

1) Hearing test - (air and bone conduction)

2) Vibration awareness (vibratory sense)

Question 7

Stethoscope - bell vs diaphragm?

Answer 7

Bell is for low frequency sounds (bruits - vascular murmur) while diaphragm is for high frequency (breathing and heart)

Question 8

Vital Signs

Answer 8

1) BP
2) Heart Rate
3) Respiratory Rate
4) Temperature
5) Pain (considered the 5th vital sign)

Question 9

Auscultatory Gap

Answer 9

• Occurs in patients who have stiff/less flexible arteries (atherosclerosis)
• Results in a “gap” between the systolic and diastolic, leading to either overestimated diastolic or underestimated systolic.

Question 10

Osteopathic Structural Exam (and Documentation)

Answer 10

• Based on 4 tenets of OM
• TART
  - Tenderness
  - Asymmetry
  - Range of Motion
  - Tissue texture changes