Intro to Patient Care Flashcards
What does acute (hospital) care consist of?
short-term care
primary goal: recovery (back to norm)
inpatient or outpatient
what does sub-acute care consist of?
post-acute care
Hospice care
provided to terminally-ill individuals w/ life expectancy of 6 months or less
focus: spiritual, mental, emotional, physical comfort
comfort for families as well
Palliative care
Specialized medical care for individuals w/ symptoms/discomfort of a serious illness
focus: provide relief
goal: improve quality of life
Rehabilitation Care
care provided to restore function of individual via physical therapy, occupational therapy, respiratory, speech therapy, etc.
What are the complications resulting from being immobile?
- muscle contractions
- osteoporosis (low bone mass)
- pressure ulcers (bed sores)
- muscle stiffness
- muscle tightness
- muscle wasting (atrophy)
- deep vein thrombosis ( blood clot)
What does the term Resident mean?
used for patients in a long-term facility or nursing home
What are ADLs?
Activities of Daily Life (or Living)
results of:
providing too much assistance?
providing too little?
too much => dependency
too little => discouragment
Define patient care
an ongoing process that needs team effort to achieve desired results
how to stop functional performance decline?
by performing proper patient care skills
what impact does an increase in patient’s dependency have?
an increase in demand for caregivers
Performing patients care activities can…
decrease level of dependency of pt & slow other complications of immobility
Name a few complications of immobility
-muscle contractures
-osteoporosis
-pressure ulcers (bed sores)
- muscle stiffness
- muscle tightness
- muscle wasting (atrophy)
- deep vein thrombosis (blood clot)
Common causes and risks of immobility:
Musculature, joint, and skeleton:
- arthritis
- osteoporosis
- fractures (mainly hip & femur)
- podiatric problems
Neurological problems:
- stroke
- parkinson’s disease
- cerebellar dysfunction
- neuropathies
heart, lung, and circulation problems:
- chronic coronary heart disease
- chronic obstructive lung disease
- severe heart failure
- peripheral vascular disease
congnitive, psychological & sensory:
-dementia
- depression
- fear and anxiety (fear from instability and falling
- pain
-imparied vision
environment causes:
- forced immobilization (restraint use)
- inadequate aids for mobility
others
- general weakness after prolonged bed rest
- malnutrition
- drug side effects
- severe illness of any type
goal of patient care for residents:
- promote required mobility
- increase/maintain in muscle strength
- help prevent contracture and tightness
-decrease level of dependence while performing activities
-decrease risk factors for decubitus ulcer (bed sores)
-increase in skills performance due to increase muscle coordination
-improvement in the quality of life - improvement in quality of self-care
Patient care skills:
- range of motion (passive)
- range of motion (active)
- splint or brace assistance
- bed mobility
-transfer - walking/ambulating
- bladder/bowel training
- dressing or grooming
- eating or swallowing
- amputation or prothesis care
- communication
Define Passive Range of Motion
the person performing the rom moves the patient’s joint through the available range of motion
Define Active Range of Motion
Patient can actively move their own joint through available range of motion
Define active assisted range of motion
patient can actively move their joint and may require assistance
What type of facility …
- provides a supervised care 24 hrs. or more
- also known as Convalescent Care facility, skilled nursing facility, extended care facilities
- Provides general care to those residents who are:
> unable to take care of daily living needs
> chronically ill or physically challenged - facility assists residents in performing activities of daily living (ADL); the services are provided to make resident independent
Long-term care facility
what type of facility…
- provides personal care assistance, also sometimes assist w/ household activities
-provides skilled services for the short term as prescribed
-assists w/ more household chores
Home Health Care
What type of facility…
can an individual get assistance in different areas: personal care, laundry, medication, meals, etc.
Assisted Living
What type of facility…
- provides care for an individual during the day; duties range from personal care assistance to skilled care (therapeutic services)
- Supervision during day allows caregiver to work, rest, or other activities
Adult Day Center or Adult Day Care
